Comparison of three commercial vaccines for preventing persistent infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus

Rodning, Soren P.; Marley, M.S.D.; Zhang, Yijing; Eason, Andrew B.; Nunley, Callie L.; Walz, Paul H.; Riddell, K.P.; Galik, P.K.; Brodersen, Bruce W.; Givens, M. Daniel

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.01.017

Cited by 56 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…These results were similar to those of another study, 20 in which heifers were vaccinated 4 times prior to breeding. These results were similar to those of another study, 20 in which heifers were vaccinated 4 times prior to breeding.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Protective effects against abortion and fetal infection following exposure to bovine viral diarrhea virus and bovine herpesvirus 1 during pregnancy in beef heifers that received two doses of a multivalent modified-live virus vaccine prior to breeding

Givens¹,

Marley²,

Jones³

et al. 2012

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Protective effects against abortion and fetal infection following exposure to bovine viral diarrhea virus and bovine herpesvirus 1 during pregnancy in beef heifers that received two doses of a multivalent modified-live virus vaccine prior to breeding

Givens¹,

Marley²,

Jones³

et al. 2012

javma

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“…All viruses were named with the animal number from which the virus was isolated. This experiment (Figure1a) was conducted by exposing pregnant heifers at approximately 70 days of pregnancy to PI calves (one calf each with a BVDV1a, 1b and 2) and isolating virus from the heifers at 6 days post-exposure and from calves at birth [12]. The PI virus 180 (1a) gave rise to viruses 6010 and 8844; PI virus 526 (1b) gave rise to 6151 and 8824; and PI virus 446 (2) gave rise to viruses 6136 and 8827 and 6115 and 8831.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greater numbers of nucleotide substitutions are introduced into the genomic RNA of bovine viral diarrhea virus during acute infections of pregnant cattle than of non-pregnant cattle

Neill

Newcomer

Marley

et al. 2012

Virol J

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BackgroundBovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) strains circulating in livestock herds show significant sequence variation. Conventional wisdom states that most sequence variation arises during acute infections in response to immune or other environmental pressures. A recent study showed that more nucleotide changes were introduced into the BVDV genomic RNA during the establishment of a single fetal persistent infection than following a series of acute infections of naïve cattle. However, it was not known if nucleotide changes were introduce when the virus crossed the placenta and infected the fetus or during the acute infection of the dam.MethodsThe sequence of the open reading frame (ORF) from viruses isolated from four acutely infected pregnant heifers following exposure to persistently infected (PI) calves was compared to the sequences of the virus from the progenitor PI calf and the virus from the resulting progeny PI calf to determine when genetic change was introduced. This was compared to genetic change found in viruses isolated from a pregnant PI cow and its PI calf, and in three viruses isolated from acutely infected, non-pregnant cattle exposed to PI calves.ResultsMost genetic changes previously identified between the progenitor and progeny PI viruses were in place in the acute phase viruses isolated from the dams six days post-exposure to the progenitor PI calf. Additionally, each progeny PI virus had two to three unique nucleotide substitutions that were introduced in crossing the placenta and infection of the fetus. The nucleotide sequence of two acute phase viruses isolated from steers exposed to PI calves revealed that six and seven nucleotide changes were introduced during the acute infection. The sequence of the BVDV-2 virus isolated from an acute infection of a PI calf (BVDV-1a) co-housed with a BVDV-2 PI calf had ten nucleotides that were different from the progenitor PI virus. Finally, twenty nucleotide changes were identified in the PI virus of a calf born to a PI dam.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that nucleotide changes are introduced into the BVDV infecting pregnant cattle at rates of 2.3 to 8 fold higher then during the acute infection of non-pregnant animals.

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“…All six calves were confirmed to be PI animals as reported earlier [22]. Calves B and D were bulls, and the remaining four calves were heifers.…”

Section: In Vivo Antiviral Evaluation Of Db772 In Pi Calvesmentioning

confidence: 55%

Antiviral Treatment of Calves Persistently Infected with Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus

Newcomer

Marley

Galik

et al. 2012

Antivir Chem Chemother

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Background: Animals persistently infected (PI) with bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) are a key source of viral propagation within and among herds. Currently, no specific therapy exists to treat PI animals. The purpose of this research was to initiate evaluation of the pharmacokinetic and safety data of a novel antiviral agent in BVDV-free calves and to assess the antiviral efficacy of the same agent in PI calves. Methods: One BVDV-free calf was treated with 2-(2-benzimidazolyl)-5-[4-(2-imidazolino)phenyl]furan dihydrochloride (DB772) once at a dose of 1.6 mg/kg intravenously and one BVDV-free calf was treated three times a day for 6 days at 9.5 mg/kg intravenously. Subsequently, four PI calves were treated intravenously with 12 mg/kg DB772 three times a day for 6 days and two PI control calves were treated with an equivalent volume of diluent only. Results: Prior to antiviral treatment, the virus isolated from each calf was susceptible to DB772 in vitro. The antiviral treatment effectively inhibited virus for 14 days in one calf and at least 3 days in three calves. Subsequent virus isolated from the three calves was resistant to DB772 in vitro. No adverse effects of DB772 administration were detected. Conclusions: Results demonstrate that DB772 administration is safe and exhibits antiviral properties in PI calves while facilitating the rapid development of viral resistance to this novel therapeutic agent.

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Comparison of three commercial vaccines for preventing persistent infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus

Cited by 56 publications

References 27 publications

Protective effects against abortion and fetal infection following exposure to bovine viral diarrhea virus and bovine herpesvirus 1 during pregnancy in beef heifers that received two doses of a multivalent modified-live virus vaccine prior to breeding

Protective effects against abortion and fetal infection following exposure to bovine viral diarrhea virus and bovine herpesvirus 1 during pregnancy in beef heifers that received two doses of a multivalent modified-live virus vaccine prior to breeding

Greater numbers of nucleotide substitutions are introduced into the genomic RNA of bovine viral diarrhea virus during acute infections of pregnant cattle than of non-pregnant cattle

Antiviral Treatment of Calves Persistently Infected with Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus

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