Comparison of the Patient Safety Culture in the Nurses of Vasei Hospital in Sabzevar, Iran (2016-2020)

Abstract

Background & Aims: One of the basic principles of health care is to maintain patient safety. Today, patient safety is a priority for any healthcare system that seeks to ensure and improve the quality of care. Being safe from dangers and injuries when receiving healthcare services is one of the most obvious and fundamental human rights. Despite advances in healthcare, patient safety, and patient-centeredness are still worrying issues around the world. According to the World Health Organization, tens of millions of people die or become disabled annually due to clinical errors or unsafe treatment processes, which is one of the five leading causes of death in the world. Recent reports also show that approximately, 13.5% of hospitalized patients experience at least one adverse event during their hospitalization each year, 44% of which is preventable. The biggest challenge to make the healthcare system safer is changing the culture. Assessing the patient safety culture can provide information on how structures and processes within the system affect patient outcomes. However, the question remains that, given the structure of the existing healthcare system and the fact that in recent years, patient safety has been at the forefront of accreditation of medical centers, has the safety culture been able to find and establish its place in these centers and has the staff of medical centers (especially nurses) paid attention to patient safety culture due to the changes that have taken place in the past years. Therefore, this study was conducted to compare patient safety culture in nurses of Sabzevar Vasei Hospital between 2016 and 2020. Materials & Methods:The present study is a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study that was conducted between 2016 and 2020. 123 nurses of Vasei Hospital were selected in 2016 and 124 were selected in 2020 via convenience sampling. Inclusion criteria were having at least 6 months of work experience and consent to participate in the present study, applied in both 2016 and 2020. A two-part questionnaire was used to collect data. In the first part, the demographic information of the samples including age, gender, field and degree, occupation, type of employment, work experience in the hospital, work experience in the recent ward, working hours per week were examined. The second part of the questionnaire included the Persian version of the "Patient Safety Culture Survey" (HSOPSC). The questionnaire was designed by American Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality in 2004. In the present study, the questionnaire was given to 10 experts to confirm the validity, and their opinions were applied. The reliability of the questionnaire was investigated in 2016 using Cronbach's alpha coefficient which was between 0.74-0.81 for safety culture and its various dimensions. This questionnaire has 42 questions designed on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree. Therefore, each question was assigned a score of 1 to 5. This questionnaire has 12 dimensions including the frequen...

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