Comparison of the Morphology, Anatomy, and Chemical Profile of Mikania glomerata and Mikania laevigata

Abstract

and are medicinal plants popularly used in Brazil for colds and asthma. Although several studies report differences in their composition, they are frequently used indistinctly, which may be due to misidentification of the species or the plant part used. Herein, the chemical, anatomical, and morphological profiles of both species were evaluated, seeking to differentiate them. Due to the pattern of secondary metabolites found in and , the chemical profile of the leaves was the characteristic that best differentiated the two species. Coumarin was present in all the leaf samples of but absent or in low concentration in leaf samples of The stems presented coumarin in both species, albeit in different concentrations. The quantification of chlorogenic and dicaffeoylquinic acids was crucial for the separation of the two species, as higher concentrations are found in. The anatomic structure of the leaves, stem, and petioles of both species was conserved, even when exposed to different environments, but presented only subtle differences between species. The morphology of the leaves presented different characteristics for each species but altered when exposed to shade. Therefore, the chemical analysis together with the morphological characteristics of plants grown in full sunlight may be used for the correct identification of these species.

Stability of hydroalcoholic extracts of two species of guaco; Mikania glomerata SPRENG. and Mikania laevigata SCHULTZ. (Asteraceae), by UHPLC-MS

“…The initial content of coumarin and chlorogenic acid in commercial samples of fluid extract and tincture of guaco was also quantified: 358.2 µg mL -1 of coumarin and 159.0 µg mL -1 of chlorogenic acid in the fluid extract and 232.3 µg mL -1 of coumarin and 143.7 µg mL -1 of chlorogenic acid in the tincture of guaco. These results were surprisingly different from those of our extracts, indicating that the extracts were possibly obtained from a mixture of leaves from both species or using the stems, because this part of the plant presents coumarin in both species, although in different concentration (Costa et. al., 2018).…”

Biomass production, essential oil’s yield and composition of three genotypes of Mikania laevigata Sch. Bip. ex Baker

“…Dorsiventral mesophyll, collateral vascular bundles and secretory ducts associated with the xylem have also been reported for M. laevigata (Oliveira et al 1986;Milan et al 2006;Budel et al 2009;Costa et al 2018). As the number of palisade/spongy parenchyma layers vary among Asteraceae species (Simon et al 2002;Milan et al 2006;Bezerra et al 2018), such characteristics along, with the presence of a hypodermis on the adaxial side of the leaf blade, could be used as an excellent diagnostic feature in the identification of M. laevigata aiding in the quality control of dried leaves sold at markets.…”

“…As observed in M. laevigata, a single-layered epidermis on both adaxial and abaxial sides have also been found for other Asteraceae species (Bartoli et al 2011;Oliveira et al 2013;Kromer et al 2016;Raman et al 2018;Bezerra et al 2018) and seems to be a common characteristic for this family. Other studies have reported the presence of a single-layered epidermis for M. laevigata (Oliveira et al 1986;Budel et al 2009;Costa et al 2018) and other species of Mikania (Amorin et al 2014;Almeida et al 2017). Other authors also claim the presence of a hypodermis only on the adaxial leaf of M. laevigata (Oliveira et al 1986;Milan et al 2006;Budel et al 2009).…”

Biological investigations on macro-morphological characteristics, polyphenolic acids, antioxidant activity of Perilla frutescens (L) Britt. grown under open field

“…The morphological and anatomical features are important parts of pharmacobotanical control as the first steps towards the correct identification of medicinal herbs. Even though the phytotherapeutic medicine of the herb depends on the plant material to extract the active component not all the parts of the plant, therefore the morphological descriptions of the herbal drug are crucial to avoid misidentification as it is often seen in the literature and sometimes contradictory and incomplete ( de Oliveira et al, 2018 ). Glandular trichomes might indicate the presence of lipophilic substances on the plant parts.…”