Comparison of the effects of a gastrin extract and a synthetic pentapeptide on gastrointestinal motility in the cat.

Neely, James C.

doi:10.1136/gut.8.3.242

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…To date a variety of agents have been shown to effect small bowel myoelectrical activity both in vivo and in vitro (McMahon, Code, Sauer, and Bargen, 1949;Daniel, Carlow, Wachter, Sutherland, and Bogoch, 1959;Bennett and Whitney, 1966;Neely, 1968). The effects of caerulein and serotonin in stimulating small bowel motility and also causing a decrease in PSP frequency have been demonstrated by Labo, Barbara, Lanfranchi, Bortolotti, and Miglioli (1971).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The electrical and motor actions of gastrointestinal hormones on the duodenum in man

Waterfall¹,

Duthie²,

Brown³

1973

Gut

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SUMMARY The electrical and motor activity was recorded from the duodenum in 16 conscious human subjects in resting conditions. The main electrical wave form variously known as the pacesetter potential or slow wave was constantly present and periodically accompanied by a second electrical trace consisting of rapid bursts of fast waves or action potentials which were related to motor waves. Secretin and the synthetic analogue of gastrin, pentagastrin, were given in separate tests and their complementary actions on myoelectrical activity are reported. In general, secretin (in six subjects) depressed and pentagastrin (in eight subjects) enhanced motor activity and bursts of action potentials.Over the past four decades myoelectrical activity has been recorded from the muscular layer of the human alimentary tract (Alvarez, 1929;Daniel, Wachter, Honour, and Bogoch, 1958; Christensen, Schedl, and Clifton, 1966;Couturier, Roze, Paolaggi, and Debray, 1971 ;Kwong, Brown, Whittaker, and Duthie, 1971a). Two types of electrical activity are recognized: an ever-present cyclical change in potential called the slow wave or pacesetter potential and intermittent activity consisting of action potential bursts superimposed on the slow wave. Action potential bursts are temporarily related to motor activity, each burst accompanying a motor wave.The relationship between electrical activity and motility is clearly established but to date there has been little information concerning the overall regulation of myoelectrical activity. However, Kwong, Brown, Whittaker, and Duthie (1971b) demonstrated the potentiation of the pacesetter potential (PSP) and motor waves in the normal human stomach by pentagastrin and the inhibitory effects of secretin. More recently the effects of these two hormones in the terminal ileum in patients with an ileostomy have been reported . We now report the modifying influence of pentagastrin and secretin on the electrical and motor activity of the duodenum in man. MethodA heterogeneous group of individuals comprising

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The electrical and motor actions of gastrointestinal hormones on the duodenum in man

Waterfall¹,

Duthie²,

Brown³

1973

Gut

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“…Studies in vivo in the dog (Gregory and Tracy, 1964) and the cat (Neely, 1967) have shown that gastrin and pentagastrin have a marked effect in stimulating gastrointestinal motility in the experimental animal. Smith and Hogg (1966), using a pressure-sensitive telemetering device in man, found that gastrin II exerted a significant effect on gastrointestinal motility, particularly the terminal ileum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a further three subjects, pressure tracings were made before and 15 minutes after the introduction of 50 ml of water into the stomach. After a further 15 minutes, 50 ml of meat extract was introduced into the stomach, this latter stimulus being an affective stimulus of endogenous release of gastrin from the antrum (Welbourn and Burns, 1964;Giles andClark, 1966 and1967).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Action of gastrin on the lower oesophageal sphincter in man

Giles¹,

Mason²,

Humphries³

et al. 1969

Gut

122

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suMMARY Both hog gastrin and synthetic gastrin stimulate the cardiac sphincter to increase tone and augment the resistance to reflux. Endogenous gastrin has a similar effect, and gastrin also stimulates the secretion of acid which has also been found to increase the resistance of the sphincter, but the effect of gastrin appears to be independent of the secretory stimulus.Now that the role of gastrin in the control of gastric acid secretion has become clearer, attention has turned to the subsidiary action of this hormone on the smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract. Early studies by Blair, Harper, Lake, Reed, and Scratcherd (1961) showed that an extract of antral mucosa produced a marked pressor response in the stomach and upper small intestine of anaesthetized cats. Similar results were later reported by Gregory and Tracy (1964) using an extract of hog antral mucosa to produce stimulation of intestinal motility in dogs.In an earlier study (Giles, Humphries, Mason, and Clark, 1968) we found that the intraluminal pressure of the cardiac sphincter increased when the gastric aspect of the sphincter mucosa was perfused with acid. This suggested a physiological response to gastric secretion such as after eating, and perhaps designed to increase the barrier pressure preventing gastrooesophageal reflux. Following this hypothesis it seemed reasonable to examine whether circulating gastrin, induced during eating, might have a similar effect.In the experiments to be described, the pressures exerted by the lower oesophageal sphincter have been measured before and after the injection of hog gastrins I and II in varying doses, and also after injection of synthetic gastrin (ICI 50,123). The effect of release of endogenous gastrin can be studied in man using the technique of meat extract stimulation (Giles and Clark, 1967; Giles, Buchan, and Clark, 1967). This technique has been adopted to study the effect on the cardiac sphincter in an attempt to ascertain the events likely to occur during digestion. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe methods used to measure the sphincteric pressures in these experiments were similar to those used previously (Giles et al, 1968) and measurements were made of the mean gastric pressure, maximum sphincteric pressure, and the oesophageal pressures, all calculated from the end expiratory measurements. After the sphincteric profile had been determined under resting control conditions, an injection of gastrin was given slowly intravenously and the sphincter profile was repeated after 15 minutes. The gastrin (Leo Labs) was given in a bodyweight dose which carried from 0.005 units to 1.0 units/kg.In five subjects a continuous infusion of pentagastrin (ICI 50,123) was given at a rate of 0-06 tg/kg/hr and sphincter profiles were obtained in the usual way after five and again after 25 minutes of infusion. In a further three subjects, pressure tracings were made before and 15

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“…First, the reduction in the rates of absorption of sodium and water and the increase in potassium secretion, following the infusion of the pentapeptide, may be secondary to changes in, for example, intestinal motility. However, not only is the influence of motility on intestinal absorption far from clear (Shields, 1964) but also the alterations in the motility of the small intestine produced by the pentapeptide are not marked (Logan and Connell, 1966;Neely, 1967;Bennett, Misiewicz, and Waller, 1967).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a synthetic gastrin-like pentapeptide upon the intestinal transport of sodium, potassium, and water.

Gingell¹,

Davies²,

Shields³

1968

Gut

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Comparison of the effects of a gastrin extract and a synthetic pentapeptide on gastrointestinal motility in the cat.

Cited by 11 publications

References 6 publications

The electrical and motor actions of gastrointestinal hormones on the duodenum in man

The electrical and motor actions of gastrointestinal hormones on the duodenum in man

Action of gastrin on the lower oesophageal sphincter in man

Effect of a synthetic gastrin-like pentapeptide upon the intestinal transport of sodium, potassium, and water.

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