Comparison of Sympatric Dwarf and Normal Populations of Least Cisco (<i>Coregonus sardinella</i>) Inhabiting Trout Lake, Yukon Territory

Mann, G. J.; McCart, P.

doi:10.1139/f81-032

Cited by 22 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Their niche location represented a midrange of carbon values and relatively elevated trophic position, and their broad foraging pattern indicated that this species linked energy sources from across habitats and transferred that energy up trophic levels (Schindler & Scheuerell, 2002;Vander Zanden & Vadeboncoeur, 2002). Similar to large least cisco in ACP lakes, mature least cisco (>250 mm FL) in Trout Lake, Yukon Territory consumed an omnivorous diet of benthic invertebrates, surface insects and fish (Mann & McCart, 1981). Ontogenetic shifts in these fishes should expand and shift the dietary and isotopic niche to incorporate large crustaceans, snails, and fish as they grow (Hammerschlag-Peyer, Yeager, Araújo, & Layman, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Generalist feeding strategies in Arctic freshwater fish: A mechanism for dealing with extreme environments

Laske

Rosenberger

Wipfli

et al. 2018

Ecology of Freshwater Fish

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Generalist feeding strategies are favoured in stressful or variable environments where flexibility in ecological traits is beneficial. Species that feed across multiple habitat types and trophic levels may impart stability on food webs through the use of readily available, alternative energy pools. In lakes, generalist fish species may take advantage of spatially and temporally variable prey by consuming both benthic and pelagic prey to meet their energy demands. Using stomach content and stable isotope analyses, we examined the feeding habits of fish species in Alaska's Arctic Coastal Plain (ACP) lakes to determine the prevalence of generalist feeding strategies as a mechanism for persistence in extreme environments (e.g. low productivity, extreme cold and short growing season). Generalist and flexible feeding strategies were evident in five common fish species. Fish fed on benthic and pelagic (or nektonic) prey and across trophic levels. Three species were clearly omnivorous, feeding on fish and their shared invertebrate prey. Dietary differences based on stomach content analysis often exceeded 70%, and overlap in dietary niches based on shared isotopic space varied from zero to 40%. Metrics of community-wide trophic structure varied with the number and identity of species involved and on the dietary overlap and niche size of individual fishes. Accumulation of energy from shared carbon sources by Arctic fishes creates redundancy in food webs, increasing likely resistance to perturbations or stochastic events. Therefore, the generalist and omnivorous feeding strategies employed by ACP fish may maintain energy flow and food web stability in extreme environments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Generalist feeding strategies in Arctic freshwater fish: A mechanism for dealing with extreme environments

Laske

Rosenberger

Wipfli

et al. 2018

Ecology of Freshwater Fish

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“…Additionally, inter-population variation in size structure is common. Despite considerable interest in this particular aspect of population structure (e.g., Mann and McCart 1981;Diana 1987;Jansen 1996;Ylikarjula et al 1999), we lack a clear understanding of the underlying mechanism(s), particularly in relation to the ways in which the ecology and life history of organisms might interact to influence body size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-specific life history patterns in bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus): interacting mechanisms influence individual body size

2005

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The ultimate body size that an individual fish achieves can be a function both of direct effects of growth or indirect effects associated with the timing of sexual maturation (and associated energetic tradeoffs). These alternatives are often invoked to explain variation in body size within and among fish populations, but have rarely been considered simultaneously. We assessed how resource availability and timing of maturation interact to influence individual body size of bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus). Resource availability (high and low food) and the social structure of the population (presence or absence of large, mature males) were varied in experimental ponds. Food ration affected growth (larger fish in the high food treatments) and the social structure of the population affected timing of maturation (early maturation of males in the absence of large males). Treatment effects, however, were sex-specific; males responded to the social structure of the population and females were more responsive to resource availability. We also found individuals that became sexually mature were smaller than those that remained immature, although results were sex-specific and resource dependent. For males, individuals that matured were smaller when resources were limited; mature and immature females showed no difference in body size regardless of food ration. We show that both resource availability and the processes that control timing of maturation interact in sex-specific ways to influence body size of bluegill. These results suggest that a more robust explanation for variable body size requires consideration of sex-specific interactions between ecological (food and growth) and evolutionary (timing of maturation) mechanisms.

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“…Congeneric competition -especially between sympatric forms of whitefish or sympatric forms of cisco -has been proposed as a factor in the Coregonus dwarfing phenomenon in several lakes (Svardson 1950, Fenderson 1964, Lindsey 1981, Mann & McCart 1981, Bernatchez & Dodson 1990. However, this cannot fully explain the dwarfing of the Ten Mile Lake cisco.…”

Section: Congeneric Competitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The selective factors and the mechanisms involved in the establishment and maintenance of dwarf populations of lacustrine Coregonus are unknown; however, dwarf Coregonus may be recognized by a suite of typical characters. Although the most obvious trait of dwarf Coregonus is their small maximum adult size, these populations are also characterized by significant alterations in their life histories (Fenderson 1964, Mann & McCart 1981. Unlike fish in stunted populations (Heath & Roff 1987) dwarf Coregonus typically have normal rates of growth prior to maturation, undergo precocial maturation, have a shortened life span, and often exhibit a temporal shift in their spawning seasons (Svardson 1950, Fenderson 1964, Mann & McCart 1981.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic plasticity of a transplanted population of dwarf cisco,Coregonus artedii

Shields

Underhill

1993

Environ Biol Fish

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SynopsisA population of dwarf cisco in Minnesota was studied in native and transplant environments. Life history characters were recorded and the stability of meristics and morphometrics of the population over a two year period in three different environments was assessed with univariate and multivariate statistics. Transplanted cisco lived longer and grew larger than they did in their native lake, yet retained distinctive pigmentation patterns and an unusually early spawning season. Meristic characters of dwarf fish remained within ranges reported for Coregonus artedii during the lifetimes of individuals in their new environments, but morphometric measures underwent significant size-and shape-related changes. Incubation and rearing studies show egg incubation time and behavior of larvae were identical of those of non-dwarf cisco. Comparisons with non-dwarf cisco populations illustrate the ecophenotypic plasticity of adult fish of this population of North American cisco .

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Comparison of Sympatric Dwarf and Normal Populations of Least Cisco (Coregonus sardinella) Inhabiting Trout Lake, Yukon Territory

Cited by 22 publications

References 4 publications

Generalist feeding strategies in Arctic freshwater fish: A mechanism for dealing with extreme environments

Generalist feeding strategies in Arctic freshwater fish: A mechanism for dealing with extreme environments

Sex-specific life history patterns in bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus): interacting mechanisms influence individual body size

Phenotypic plasticity of a transplanted population of dwarf cisco,Coregonus artedii

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