Generalist feeding strategies in Arctic freshwater fish: A mechanism for dealing with extreme environments

Laske, Sarah M.; Rosenberger, Amanda E.; Wipfli, Mark S.; Zimmerman, Christian E.

doi:10.1111/eff.12391

Cited by 25 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…These results coincide with preliminary diet results suggesting that Yellow-billed Loons are generalist foragers that do not rely on one specific fish species and feed on whatever is present within the lake (Haynes et al, 2015). Similarly, fish species on the ACP are generalist foragers, which allows them to deal with the harsh environment in northern Alaska (Laske et al, 2018). We recognize that several factors could have reduced our ability to make inferences regarding the impact of fish populations on loon occupancy and productivity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Effects of Fish Populations on Pacific Loon (Gavia pacifica) and Yellow-billed Loon (G. adamsii) Lake Occupancy and Chick Production in Northern Alaska

Uher‐Koch¹,

Wright²,

Uher-Koch³

et al. 2020

ARCTIC

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Predator populations are vulnerable to changes in prey distribution or availability. With warming temperatures, lake ecosystems in the Arctic are predicted to change in terms of hydrologic flow, water levels, and connectivity with other lakes. We surveyed lakes in northern Alaska to understand how shifts in the distribution or availability of fish may affect the occupancy and breeding success of Pacific (Gavia pacifica) and Yellow-billed Loons (G. adamsii). We then modeled the influence of the presence and abundance of five fish species and the physical characteristics of lakes (e.g., hydrologic connectivity) on loon lake occupancy and chick production. The presence of Alaska blackfish (Dallia pectoralis) had a positive influence on Pacific Loon occupancy and chick production, which suggests that small-bodied fish species provide important prey for loon chicks. No characteristics of fish species abundance affected Yellow-billed Loon lake occupancy. Instead, Yellow-billed Loon occupancy was influenced by the physical characteristics of lakes that contribute to persistent fish populations, such as the size of the lake and the proportion of the lake that remained unfrozen over winter. Neither of these variables, however, influenced chick production. The probability of an unoccupied territory becoming occupied in a subsequent year by Yellow-billed Loons was low, and no loon chicks were successfully raised in territories that were previously unoccupied. In contrast, unoccupied territories had a much higher probability of becoming occupied by Pacific Loons, which suggests that Yellow-billed Loons have strict habitat requirements and suitable breeding lakes may be limited. Territories that were occupied had high probabilities of remaining occupied for both loon species.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Effects of Fish Populations on Pacific Loon (Gavia pacifica) and Yellow-billed Loon (G. adamsii) Lake Occupancy and Chick Production in Northern Alaska

Uher‐Koch¹,

Wright²,

Uher-Koch³

et al. 2020

ARCTIC

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“…In contrast, the northern NR sturgeon populations experience a shortened feeding and growth season, potentially necessitating faster development or a more generalist strategy to feeding, as observed in Arctic freshwater fishes (Conover & Present, 1990;Laske et al, 2018), and thus resulting in higher condition than their southern counterparts throughout hatchery rearing. Irrespective of cause, these differences in mortality indicate population level differences in early development and should be further investigated.…”

Section: Effects Of Population and Early Acclimation On Mortality Growth And Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of population and thermal acclimation on the growth, condition and cold responsive mRNA expression of age‐0 lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens)

Bugg

Yoon

Brandt

et al. 2021

Journal of Fish Biology

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In Manitoba, Canada, wild lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) populations exist along a latitudinal gradient and are reared in hatcheries to bolster threatened populations.We reared two populations of lake sturgeon, one from each of the northern and southern ends of Manitoba and examined the effects of typical hatchery temperatures (16 C) as well as 60-day acclimation to elevated rearing temperatures (20 C) on mortality, growth and condition throughout early development. Additionally, we examined the cold shock response, which may be induced during stocking, through the hepatic mRNA expression of genes involved in the response to cold stress and homeoviscous adaptation (HSP70, HSP90a, HSP90b, CIRP and SCD). Sturgeon were sampled after 1 day and 1 week following stocking into temperatures of 8, 6 and 4 C in a controlled laboratory environment. The southern population showed lower condition and higher mortality during early life than the northern population while increased rearing temperature impacted the growth and condition of developing northern sturgeon. During the cold shock, HSP70 and HSP90a mRNA expression increased in all sturgeon treatments as stocking temperature decreased, with higher expression observed in the southern population. Expression of HSP90b, CIRP and SCD increased as stocking temperature decreased in northern sturgeon with early acclimation to 20 C. Correlation analyses indicated the strongest molecular relationships were in the expression of HSP90b, CIRP and SCD, across all treatments, with a correlation between HSP90b and body condition in northern sturgeon with early acclimation to 20 C. Together, these observations highlight the importance of population and rearing environment throughout early development and on later cellular responses induced by cold stocking temperatures.

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“…Some abiotic stressors are environmentally correlated (e.g., hypoxia and toxic hydrogen sulphide are positively correlated in freshwater: Chen & Morris, 1972; Cline & Richards, 1969); individuals coping with toxicity from one physiochemical stressor must sometimes also survive in suboptimal conditions, leading to broad gene expression responses. In addition to selection from physiochemical stressors, we likewise see reduced species richness in many extreme environments (Greenway et al, 2014), which has been shown to impact behaviours (Plath et al, 2007; Tobler et al, 2009) and ecological interactions (Laske et al, 2018; Tobler & Plath, 2011; Tobler et al, 2015). We posit that similar mechanisms could be at play in Tar Creek, leading to broad stress‐related gene expression patterns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Impacts of heavy metal pollution on the ionomes and transcriptomes of Western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis)

et al. 2022

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Our understanding of the mechanisms mediating the resilience of organisms to environmental change remains lacking. Heavy metals negatively affect processes at all biological scales, yet organisms inhabiting contaminated environments must maintain homeostasis to survive. Tar Creek in Oklahoma, USA, contains high concentrations of heavy metals and an abundance of Western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis), though several fish species persist at lower frequency. To test hypotheses about the mechanisms mediating the persistence and abundance of mosquitofish in Tar Creek, we integrated ionomic data from seven resident fish species and transcriptomic data from mosquitofish. We predicted that mosquitofish minimize uptake of heavy metals more than other Tar Creek fish inhabitants and induce transcriptional responses to detoxify metals that enter the body, allowing them to persist in Tar Creek at higher density than species that may lack these responses. Tar Creek populations of all seven fish species accumulated heavy metals, suggesting mosquitofish cannot block uptake more efficiently than other species. We found population‐level gene expression changes between mosquitofish in Tar Creek and nearby unpolluted sites. Gene expression differences primarily occurred in the gill, where we found upregulation of genes involved with lowering transfer of metal ions from the blood into cells and mitigating free radicals. However, many differentially expressed genes were not in known metal response pathways, suggesting multifarious selective regimes and/or previously undocumented pathways could impact tolerance in mosquitofish. Our systems‐level study identified well characterized and putatively new mechanisms that enable mosquitofish to inhabit heavy metal‐contaminated environments.

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Generalist feeding strategies in Arctic freshwater fish: A mechanism for dealing with extreme environments

Cited by 25 publications

References 66 publications

Effects of Fish Populations on Pacific Loon (<i>Gavia pacifica</i>) and Yellow-billed Loon (<i>G. adamsii</i>) Lake Occupancy and Chick Production in Northern Alaska

Effects of Fish Populations on Pacific Loon (<i>Gavia pacifica</i>) and Yellow-billed Loon (<i>G. adamsii</i>) Lake Occupancy and Chick Production in Northern Alaska

The effects of population and thermal acclimation on the growth, condition and cold responsive mRNA expression of age‐0 lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens)

Impacts of heavy metal pollution on the ionomes and transcriptomes of Western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis)

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