“…Many clinicians have advocated the placement of an interpositional material in the joint after diskectomy to avoid crepitus, degenerative changes, pain, ankylosis, occlusional alterations, and limited movement [ 5 , 13 , 14 ]. As a result, the application of TMF in joint surgery was reported by the literature, including TMJ ankylosis, tumour resection, traumatic defect, congenital malformation, joint degeneration, previous failed interpositional TMJ graft procedures, etc , as an implant or disk replacement material [ 19 , 24 – 26 ]. In this study, a group of thirty-nine cases (fifty sides) was treated with TMF transplantation to reconstruct the articular disk for late disk displacement without reduction, disk perforation, which agreed with the indication of TMF for arthroplasty described in literatures.…”