Background: Labial frenum is a fold of mucous membrane whose function is to attach lips and cheek to the alveolar mucosa, gingiva and underlying periosteum. The maxillary labial frenum has lot of variation in shape, size location. This study was aimed to assess the variation of maxillary labial frenum in the indigenous Chepang community of Nepal.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the Chepang community at Madi municipality in Chitwan, Nepal. The clinical examination was done by distending the upper lip upward for viewing. The obtained data was classified according to Mirko and Sewerin classification. Data was entered into Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16 and descriptive statistics was performed.Results: All the Chepang participants 102 (100 %) had mucosal type of maxillary frenum. Among the variations normal frenum was mostly present 74 (72.5%). This type was mostly present in male participants 44 (43.1%). Apart from this frenum with nodules and appendix was also observed.Conclusions: The mucosal type of frenal attachment was prevalent in Chepang Community and normal frenum was the most common type of frenal morphology. Keywords: Chepang community; maxillary labial frenum; mucosal
Background: Autotransplantation is the surgical repositioning of a tooth within the same patient. It can be thought of as the controlled avulsion and re-implantation of a tooth and can be a viable alternative to other dental rehabilitation options. This review aimed to evaluate the survival rate (SR), major complications such as ankylosis rate (AR) and infection-related root resorption (RR), and overall success and failure rate (FR) in autotransplanted teeth. Methods: Six databases were accessed up to January 2021 to obtain all systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRs and MAs). Study selection: After title and abstract reading, data extraction was performed from eligible SRs. The methodological quality was calculated for the included SRs using the risk of bias in systematic reviews (ROBIS) tool. Results: Six SRs were included in this review. The overall failure rate ranged from as low as 2.0% to 10.32%. The 1-year survival was very high (97.4–98.0%). The 5-year survival rate ranged from 81 to 98.2%. Major complications of AR ranged from 1.2 to 6.2%, and RR ranged from 2.1 to 10.4%. Conclusion: The overall findings from these SR and MA are promising; however, all the SRs include only single-arm prospective or retrospective studies, the SRs are of overall low methodological quality, and for the heterogeneity of the included SRs, well-designed comparative studies with a long-term follow-up are recommended.
This study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare pre-shaped implants on a patient-specific 3D-printed (3DP) model to manual free-hand shaping (MFS) for orbital wall reconstruction. The PRISMA protocol was followed in this study, and the review was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42021261594). A search was conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library, Clinicaltrials.gov, Google Scholar, and the grey literature. Ten articles were included, and six outcomes were analyzed. In total, 281 patients were in the 3DP group and 283 were in the MFS group. The studies had an overall high risk of bias. 3DP models resulted in a better accuracy of fit, anatomical angle reproduction, and defect area coverage. The correction of orbital volume was also superior with statistical significance. There was a higher percentage of the correction of enophthalmos and diplopia in the 3DP group. Intraoperative bleeding and hospital stay were reduced in the 3DP group. The meta-analysis of operative time showed a reduction in the average operative time by 23.58 min (95% CI: −43.98 to −3.19), which was statistically significant (t(6) = −2.8299, p = 0.0300). The 3DP models appear advantageous for an accurate orbital wall reconstruction, with fewer complications than those for conventional free-hand-shaped implants.
Background: Antibiotic resistance in recent years has become a major threat to public health globally. In dental practice, antibiotics and analgesics are commonly used for infection control and management of pain. The knowledge, attitude and practice skills of antibiotic prescription by dental practitioners should be continuously evaluated. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding antibiotic prescription among dental practitioners.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding antibiotic prescription among dental practitioners. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information which was adopted from previous studies. A briefing was given to the participants about the nature of the study and the procedure of completing the questionnaire was explained. After completion of the questionnaire, data was collected, reviewed, organized and expressed as counts/percentages and statically analyzed using SPSS version 16.Result: The current study showed that majority of the participants had average knowledge (52.7%) regarding antibiotic resistance but despite of that they have been prescribing antibiotic without proper guidelines. In this study, Amoxicillin (69.1%) followed by amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (25.5%) combination were the most commonly prescribed drugs used for the management of oral infections, but were prescribed based on symptoms without taking care of guidelines.Conclusion: Dental practitioners had knowledge of antibiotic prescription and its resistance however they have been prescribing antibiotic without proper guidelines. It is deemed necessary to update the knowledge and enhance the careful use of antibiotics.
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