Comparison of platelet function and viscoelastic test results between healthy dogs and dogs with naturally occurring chronic kidney disease

Abstract

OBJECTIVE To compare platelet function and viscoelastic test results between healthy dogs and dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD) to assess whether dogs with CKD have platelet dysfunction and altered blood coagulation. ANIMALS 10 healthy control dogs and 11 dogs with naturally occurring CKD. PROCEDURES Blood and urine were collected once from each dog for a CBC, serum biochemical analysis, urinalysis, and determination of the urine protein-to-creatinine ratio, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, plasma fibrinogen concentration, and antithrombin activity. Closure time was determined by use of a platelet function analyzer and a collagen-ADP platelet agonist. Thromboelastography (TEG) variables (reaction time, clotting time, α angle, maximum amplitude, and global clot strength [G value]) were determined by use of recalcified nonactivated TEG. Platelet expression of glycoprotein Ib (GPIb; receptor for von Willebrand factor), integrin αIIbβ3 (αIIbβ3; receptor for fibrinogen), and P-selectin (marker for platelet activation) was assessed by flow cytometry. RESULTS Compared with healthy control dogs, the median closure time was prolonged, the median maximum amplitude and G value were increased, and the median clotting time was decreased for dogs with CKD. Platelet expression of both αIIbβ3 and P-selectin was also significantly increased for dogs with CKD, compared with that for control dogs. Platelet expression of GPIb, αIIbβ3, and P-selectin was not correlated with closure time or any TEG variable. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that dogs with CKD frequently had evidence of platelet dysfunction and hypercoagulability that were not totally attributable to alterations in platelet surface expression of GPIb, αIIbβ3, and P-selectin.

Abnormal platelet activity in dogs and cats – impact and measurement

“…However, it is also suggested that, compared to optical aggregometry, the PFA is less reliable in determining drug responsiveness and can markedly overestimate the degree of aspirin resistance (Gaál et al . , Dudley , Haines et al . , Ho et al .…”

“…As such, it may have clinical utility for monitoring response to treatment. However, it is also suggested that, compared to optical aggregometry, the PFA is less reliable in determining drug responsiveness and can markedly overestimate the degree of aspirin resistance (Gaál et al 2007, Dudley 2013, Haines et al 2016, Ho et al 2016, McLewee et al 2017, Saati et al 2017 Clancey et al 2009aClancey et al , 2009b, as well as dogs with chronic kidney disease and endotoxaemia (Yilmaz et al 2005, Dudley et al 2017. The PFA has also been used to diagnose Scott syndrome (Brooks et al 2009).…”

Carbon Monoxide‐Releasing Molecule Enhances Coagulation and Decreases Fibrinolysis in Normal Canine Plasma

“…Thrombin and factor XIII concentrations are also positively correlated with rate and strength of clotting in plasma measured by TEG, and these were not examined in this study . Fibrinogen concentration has a positive correlation with measures of clot strength and rate of clot formation in vitro in whole blood in dogs and pigs, and platelet poor plasma in pigs . Additionally, Nielsen et al .…”

Platelet aggregometry testing during aspirin or clopidogrel treatment and measurement of clopidogrel metabolite concentrations in dogs with protein‐losing nephropathy

“…In that study, although CKD dogs had higher expressions of receptors associated with platelet activation (fibrinogen, P-selectin), this did not translate to overall platelet performance and function. 43 The use of fish oils was allowed in our study and fish oil previously has been documented to enhance platelet inhibition when given with aspirin. 44 Only 5 of the study dogs were given fish oil; 1 of these dogs was receiving aspirin and 4 were receiving clopidogrel.…”