Comparison of in vitro Demineralization of Enamel Sections and Slabs (Short Communication)

Strang, R.; Damato, F.A.; Stephen, K.W.

doi:10.1159/000261135

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Previous work on enamel [ten Cate and Exterkate, 1986] has shown that lesions are formed much faster in sections than blocks. In contrast to this finding is the work of Strang et al [1988], who found no difference between enamel blocks and sections as long as the sections were hand-ground to 120 pm. Other experiments in our lab, in which whole teeth with exposed windows on the root surface were placed in a buffer with no fluoride similar to the one used here, have also shown areas devoid of mineral and with no dense sur face banding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Comparisons of in vitro Root Caries Models

Wefel

Heilman²,

Jordan³

1995

Caries Res

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The purpose of this article is to compare various model systems for the production of in vitro root caries and to assess their ability to simulate the naturally occurring root caries process. Partially saturated buffer models and gel models were evaluated using polarized light microscopy and both qualitative and quantitative microradiography. All model systems showed very similar lesion formation when examined under polarized light. When microradiographs were compared, the systems which contained fluoride, showed clear radiopaque bands within the lesion. The bands, which occurred only in the presence of fluoride, appeared to be due to remineralization. When using an in vitro system that simulates the natural root caries process, it is imperative to understand the components of the particular model, as well as its limitations, and to be aware of the need for more than one evaluative technique.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Comparisons of in vitro Root Caries Models

Wefel

Heilman²,

Jordan³

1995

Caries Res

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“…ten Cate and Exterkate [1986] noted that cutting of 100-µm-thick sections damaged the enamel tissue. Therefore in this study we used the method suggested by Strang et al [1988] and cut firstly thick sections, later on ground down manually to the required thickness. In the following part, we will consider three aspects: (1) NV penetration into carious enamel (2) the possible influence of the use of NV on TMR and (3) possible microradiographic differences between remineralized lesions in bulk samples and in thin sections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several authors [von Bartheld, 1980;Featherstone and Silverstone, 1982;Harvey et al, 1982;ten Cate and Exterkate, 1986;Mellberg et al, 1986;Creanor et al, 1986;Wefel et al, 1987;Strang et al, 1987;1988;Stephen et al, 1992;Lammers et al, 1990;Exterkate et al, 1993;Damato and Stephen, 1994] employed various varnishes and adhesives to prepare 'windows' and/or to cover cut surfaces. To 398 Caries Res 1998;32:393-400 Iijima/Takagi/Duschner/Ruben/Arends the authors' knowledge no previous work on the importance of NV penetration has been reported.…”

Section: Nv Penetrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Single-section techniques have been used to investigate demineralization and remineralization of enamel and dentine in vitro [Featherstone and Silverstone, 1982;Harvey et al, 1982;ten Cate and Exterkate, 1986;Strang et al, 1988;Lammers et al, 1990;Exterkate et al, 1993;Inaba et al, 1995] as well as in situ [Creanor et al, 1986;Mellberg et al, 1986Mellberg et al, , 1992Mellberg, 1992;Wefel et al, 1987;Wefel, 1990;Strang et al, 1987;Stephen et al, 1992;Damato and Stephen, 1994]. Two types of single-section techniques are currently used to create lesions in enamel or dentine.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another aspect when thin sections are employed is the coating or sealing of exposed section sides. Nail varnish (NV) is most widely used to protect cut surfaces of thin sections in a demineralization or remineralization experiment [Creanor et al, 1986;ten Cate and Exterkate, 1986;Strang et al, 1988;Wefel et al, 1987;Stephen et al, 1992;Damato and Stephen, 1994].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Nail Varnish on the Remineralization of Enamel Single Sections Assessed by Microradiography and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy

Iijima

Takagi²,

Duschner³

et al. 1998

Caries Res

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Single–section techniques are attractive in enamel de– and remineralization investigations because they allow longitudinal studies in which mineral changes can be assessed by microradiography (TMR). Nail varnish (NV) is in general applied to coat the cut thin–section sides. The aims of this study were to investigate: (1) NV penetration depth in cut surfaces of demineralized enamel, (2) the influence of NV on cut surfaces of demineralized enamel on TMR, (3) the influence of NV penetration on a following remineralization. Cut surfaces of thin sections of demineralized enamel were NV coated; the NV was peeled off and the penetration depth assessed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The NV penetration was 18±5 μm (mean±SD) in demineralized enamel. To evaluate the possible influence of NV on TMR, cut surfaces of thin sections of demineralized enamel were coated (twice) and microradiographed before and after nail varnishing. The NV effect (total effect of penetrated and surface NV) on the main parameters of TMR, Ld and ΔZ, was less than 5% of the mean values. In the remineralization experiment (remineralization with 1.5 mM Ca²⁺, 0.9 mM phosphate, pH 7, 1 ppm F for 1 and 2 weeks), lesions in bulk samples, lesions in thin sections with NV–coated cut surfaces and lesions in thin sections in a PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate) holder were compared. (1) The remineralization of bulk samples and of NV–coated thin sections is different in one aspect. The amounts of mineral deposited in the lesions expressed as ΔZ are comparable after 1 week. But because the NV penetrates part of the lesion outside, there was an Ld difference. The lesion depth difference between bulk lesions and NV–coated lesions in thin sections was statistically significant and was about 19% less in NV–coated lesions after 1 week; after 2 weeks of remineralization there was no difference in Ld between bulk– and NV–coated lesions any more. (2) There was no difference in remineralization efficacy between lesions in bulk samples and lesions in thin sections in the PMMA holder.

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In vitro remineralization of enamel by polymeric amorphous calcium phosphate composite: Quantitative microradiographic study

2009

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Objective: This study explores the efficacy of an experimental orthodontic amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) composite to remineralize in vitro subsurface enamel lesions microradiographically similar to those seen in early caries. Methods:Lesions were artificially created in extracted human molars. Single tooth sections a minimum of 120 μm thick were cut and individually placed in holders exposing only the carious enamel surface. The exposed surfaces were either left untreated (control) or coated with a 1 mm thick layer of the experimental ACP composite (mass fraction 40 % zirconiahybridized ACP and 60 % photo-activated resin), or a commercial fluoride-releasing orthodontic cement. The composite-coated sections were then photo-cured and microradiographic images were taken of all three groups of specimens before the treatment. Specimens were then cyclically immersed in demineralizing and remineralizing solutions for one month at 37 °C to simulate the pH changes occurring in the oral environment. Microradiographs of all specimens were taken before and after treatment. Results:Quantitative digital image analysis of matched areas from the contact microradiographs taken before and after treatment indicated higher mineral recovery with ACP composites compared to the commercial orthodontic F-releasing cement (14.4 % vs. 4.3 %, respectively), while the control specimens showed an average of 55.4 % further demineralization.Significance: Experimental ACP composite efficiently established mineral ion transfer throughout the body of the lesions and restored the mineral lost due to acid attack. It can be considered a useful adjuvant for the control of caries in orthodontic applications.

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Comparison of in vitro Demineralization of Enamel Sections and Slabs (Short Communication)

Cited by 15 publications

References 4 publications

Comparisons of in vitro Root Caries Models

Comparisons of in vitro Root Caries Models

Influence of Nail Varnish on the Remineralization of Enamel Single Sections Assessed by Microradiography and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy

In vitro remineralization of enamel by polymeric amorphous calcium phosphate composite: Quantitative microradiographic study

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