Comparison of gingival crevicular fluid periostin levels in healthy, chronic periodontitis, and aggressive periodontitis

Abstract

Background:In both states of health and disease, the integrity of connective tissue along with regulation in formation of bones are well maintained by periostin (POSTN) which is a matricellular protein secreted by fibroblasts. The present study aimed to assess the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) POSTN levels in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and aggressive periodontitis and to compare them with that of healthy controls.Materials and Methods:A total of 39 individuals were recruited and allocated into the healthy group, and two periodontitis groups (the chronic and the aggressive types) (13 in each group). The samples of GCF fluid were collected using microcapillary pipette. The POSTN levels were estimated using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results:The mean levels of total POSTN in GCF fluid (in pg/μl) were 182.41, 79.87, and 49.28 for the healthy, CP, aggressive periodontitis groups, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups with P < 0.05. Furthermore, there were statistically significant differences when compared among the groups with P < 0.05. When all three groups were examined together, there were negative correlations between GCF POSTN levels and clinical parameters.Conclusion:The GCF POSTN levels reduced with an increase in the severity of the periodontitis. With the present study results, we could conclude that the GCF POSTN level can be considered as a dependable marker in periodontal disease diagnosis, disease activity, and healing.

The effect of non‐surgical periodontal treatment on gingival crevicular fluid periostin levels in patients with gingivitis and periodontitis

“…In addition, the serum periostin concentration was not significant different among groups. In another study, it was shown that periostin levels in GCF diminished with severity of the periodontitis (Jamesha et al, 2018). Kumaresan et al (2016) evaluated the periostin levels in chronic periodontitis patients following low‐level laser therapy as an adjunctive to non‐surgical periodontal treatment and they found GCF periostin level was higher in periodontally healthy group compared to chronic periodontitis group before treatment and periostin levels significantly increased compared to baseline values after treatment.…”

Periostin in the relation between periodontal disease and atherosclerotic coronary artery disease: A pilot randomized clinical study

“…Consequently, cell migration and extracellular matrix organization are impaired. Aggressive forms of periodontal disease demonstrate even lower levels of periostin, which confirms the double role in the maintenance of periodontal structure 40,43 . These are: (1) periostin is essential for maintaining the strength of the periodontal structure; (2) if periostin is reduced either by the action of inflammation or bacterial byproducts, the tissue destruction is initiated.…”

“…Aggressive forms of periodontal disease demonstrate even lower levels of periostin, which confirms the double role in the maintenance of periodontal structure. 40,43 These are: (1) periostin is essential for maintaining the strength of the periodontal structure;…”

Periostin – A Forward Step in Periodontal Biomarkers – A Narrative Review

“…Periostin levels were increased in the saliva of patients with AgP as compared to the CP and healthy groups. Study by Jamesha et al 25 also showed similar results where GCF Periostin levels decreased with increased severity of the disease. Subjects with Aggressive periodontitis had the lowest level of periostin in GCF followed by Chronic periodontitis subjects and healthy controls.…”