Comparison of Flow Differences among Venous Cannulas

Bennett, Edward V.; Fewel, John G.; Ybarra, J. R.; Grover, Frederick L.; Trinkle, J. Kent

doi:10.1016/s0003-4975(10)60650-9

Cited by 25 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…12,13 “L”-shaped end-hole venous drainage cannulas were used in the early days of cardiovascular surgery. 1,14 To obtain satisfactory venous drainage, thin and sturdy metallic cannulas were used as the cannula tip. 15 Advances in material sciences allowed the creation of thinner and more flexible venous drainage cannulas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of inflow cannula side-hole number on drainage flow characteristics: flow dynamic analysis using numerical simulation

et al. 2018

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We speculate that flow separation at the most proximal site of the side-hole induces stagnation of flow and induces energy loss. This flow separation may hamper the main stream from the end-hole inlet, which is most effective with low shear stress. The EH cannula was associated with the best flow rate and flow profile. However, by increasing side-hole numbers, flow separation occurs on each side-hole, resulting in more energy loss than the EH cannula and flow rate reduction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of inflow cannula side-hole number on drainage flow characteristics: flow dynamic analysis using numerical simulation

et al. 2018

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“…In vitro experiments have been frequently carried out to establish pressure–flow characteristics of vascular access devices. Simple measurements using water as testing fluid have been usually performed (12–14). Nevertheless, the vascular devices are considered as a whole, obtaining only global information (14), neglecting the local fluid dynamic phenomena.…”

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confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of Thrombus Aspiration in Two Realistic Models of Catheter Tips

et al. 2010

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Thrombus aspiration catheters are devices used to remove a blood clot from a vessel, usually prior to angioplasty or stent implantation. However, in vitro results showed that the use of different commercial devices could produce very different thrombus removals, suggesting a primary dependence on the distal tip configuration of the catheter. A computational methodology based on realistic catheter tip modeling was developed to investigate the factors affecting the thrombus suction. Two different designs were considered, either with a single central lumen or a combination of central and side holes. First, steady-state aspiration of distilled water from a reservoir was simulated and compared with experimental tests. Subsequently, the aspiration of a totally occlusive thrombus, modeled as a high viscous fluid, was simulated solving a complex two-phase (blood and thrombus) problem. In particular, the benefit of additional openings was investigated. Good matching between the steady-state experimental and numerically simulated hydraulic behaviors allowed a validation of the numerical models. Numerical results of thrombus aspiration showed that the catheter with central and side holes had a worse performance if compared with the single central lumen catheter. Indeed, the inlets in contact with both blood and thrombus preferentially aspirate blood due to its much lower viscosity. This effect hindered the aspiration of thrombus. The amount of aspirated thrombus highly depends on the complex, two-phase fluid dynamics occurring across the catheter tips. Results suggested that location of additional holes is crucial in the catheter aspiration performance.

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“…Hydrodynamic analysis of venous cannulas on a bench is a valuable technique to evaluate their performance during CPB. 4–8 We previously determined with such bench set-up the relationships between the pressure drop, the flow rate, and the resistance for five cannulas from different manufacturers. Out of the five cannulas tested, the virtually wall-less cannula (Smartcanula® LLC, Lausanne, Switzerland) outperformed the available commercial cannulas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of blood viscosity on the performance of virtually wall-less venous cannulas

Abdel-Sayed

Berdaj

et al. 2019

Perfusion

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Aim: This study was designed to quantify the influence of blood as test medium compared to water in cannula bench performance assessment. Methods: An in vitro circuit was set-up with silicone tubing between two reservoirs. The test medium was pumped from the lower reservoir by centrifugal pump to the upper reservoir. The test-cannula was inserted in a silicone tube connected between the lower reservoir and the centrifugal pump. Flow rate and pump inlet-pressure were measured for wall-less versus thin-wall cannula using a centrifugal pump in a dynamic bench-test for an afterload of 40-60 mmHg using two media: blood 10 g/dL and 5.6 g/dL and water 0 g/dL. Results: The wall-less cannula showed significantly higher flows rates as compared to the thin-wall cannula (control), with both hemoglobin concentrations and water. Indeed, for a target volume of 200-250 mL of blood (Hg 10 g/dL) in the upper reservoir, the cannula outlet pressure (P) was −14 ± 14 mmHg versus −18 ± 11 mmHg for the wall-less and control respectively; the cannula outlet flow rate (Q) was 3.91 ± 0.41 versus 3.67 ± 0.45 L/min, respectively. At the same target volume but with a Hg of 5.7 g/dL, P was −16 ± 12 mmHg versus −19 ± 12 mmHg and Q was 4 ± 0.1 versus 4 ± 0.4 L/min for the wall-less cannula and control respectively. Likewise, P and Q values with water were −1 mmHg versus −0.67 ± 0.58 mmHg and 4.17 ± 0.45 L/min versus 4.08 ± 0.47 L/min for the wall-less and control respectively. Conclusion: Walls-less cannula showed 5.6% less pump inlet-pressure differences calculated between blood and water, as compared to that of thin-wall cannula (−21 times). Flow differences were 6% and 10% for the walls-less and thin-wall cannula respectively. We conclude that testing the cannula performance with water is a good scenario and can overestimate the flow by a 10%. However, superiority for wall-less is preserved with both water and blood.

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Comparison of Flow Differences among Venous Cannulas

Cited by 25 publications

References 2 publications

Effect of inflow cannula side-hole number on drainage flow characteristics: flow dynamic analysis using numerical simulation

Effect of inflow cannula side-hole number on drainage flow characteristics: flow dynamic analysis using numerical simulation

Numerical Simulation of Thrombus Aspiration in Two Realistic Models of Catheter Tips

Effect of blood viscosity on the performance of virtually wall-less venous cannulas

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