Comparison of biofilm formation and migration of Streptococcus mutans on tooth roots and titanium miniscrews

Abstract

Periodontitis and peri‐implantitis are inflammatory diseases caused by periodontal pathogenic bacteria leading to destruction of supporting periodontal/peri‐implant tissue. However, the progression of inflammatory process of these two diseases is different. The bacterial biofilm is the source of bacteria during the inflammatory process. As the bacteria migrate down the surface of tooth or titanium implant, the inflammation spreads along with it. Streptococcus mutans has an important role in oral bacterial biofilm formation in early stage biofilm before the microbiota shift to late stage and become more virulent. The other major difference is the existence of periodontal ligament (PDL) cells in normal teeth but not in peri‐implant tissue. This study aims to compare the S. mutans bacterial biofilm formation and migration on 2 different surfaces, tooth root and titanium miniscrew. The biofilm was grown with a flow cells system to imitate the oral dynamic system with PDL cells. The migration distances were measured, and the biofilm morphology was observed. Data showed that the biofilm formation on miniscrew was slower than those on tooth root at 24 hr. However, there were no difference in the morphology of the biofilm formed on the tooth root with those formed on the miniscrew at both 24 and 48 hr. The biofilm migration rate was significantly faster on miniscrew surface compare with those on tooth root when observe at 48 hr (p < .001). There are no significant differences in biofilm migration within miniscrew group and tooth root group despite the exiting of PDL cell (p > .05). The biofilm's migration rate differences on various surfaces could be one of the factors accounting for the different inflammatory progression between periodontitis and peri‐implantitis disease.

Khat Chewing Induces a Floral Shift in Dental Material-Associated Microbiota: A Preliminary Study

“…allows for a highly reliable assessment of the prebiotic activity of khat. In the present study, this species exhibited equal percentages among NKC and KC in different restorative materials, consistent with the results of previous studies [21,24] in which high levels of Streptococcus sp. were detected in their tested samples.…”

“…Shemesh et al [23], reported that a thick streptococcal biofilm formed after 3 days. Laosuwan et al [24], found no differences in the adhesive growth of supragingival streptococci to enamel or titanium alloy miniscrews. Georgiev et al [25] established a novel clinical approach to investigate biofilm formation on composite resin overlay surfaces after 72 hours, one week, and 2 weeks.…”

Bacterial biofilm formation on implantable devices and approaches to its treatment and prevention

“…The rapid advancement of implantable biomedical devices has brought the issue of implant associated infections to the forefront [30, 32, 46, 47, 48]. Prosthetic and implantable devices can get contaminated either immediately during surgery or anytime thereafter [2, 25, 49, 50, 51, 52]. Factors such as differences in implant surface hydrophilicity, surface charge, surface energy, and biomaterial composition play a role in increasing the rate of infection in implants [13, 18, 25, 52, 53, 54, 55].…”

<p>Surfactin-Loaded ĸ-Carrageenan Oligosaccharides Entangled Cellulose Nanofibers as a Versatile Vehicle Against Periodontal Pathogens</p>

“…120 S.mutans adhered to the surface by waterinsoluble glucan and act as binding sites for the latecomer bacteria that originally do not have the ability to attach. 121 The main virulent traits of S.mutans include acid tolerance, organic acid production, and biofilm formation. 122 In this study, CO-CNF was acting as a carrier system that encapsulated with an antimicrobial called surfactin.…”