Comparison of antibacterial activity and phenolic constituents of bark, lignum, leaves and fruit of Rhus verniciflua

Abstract

Rhus verniciflua is commonly known as a lacquer tree in Korea. The bark of R. verniciflua has been used as an immunostimulator in traditional medicine, but also causes allergic dermatitis due to urushiol derivatives. For the development of active natural resources with less toxicity, the antibacterial activity of various parts of R. verniciflua such as bark, lignum, leaves and fruit, together with chemical composition, were investigated. Among the various parts of R. verniciflua, lignum showed the most potent antibacterial activity against fish pathogenic bacteria such as Edwardsiella tarda, Vibrio anguillarum and Streptococcus iniae. Measurement of total phenolic content and flavonoid content clearly showed a high content of phenolic and flavonoids in lignum among the various parts of R. verniciflua. Further analysis showed a close correlation between antibacterial activity and phenolic content. In addition, methyl gallate and fustin, the major constituents of bark and lignum, showed antibacterial activity, which suggested phenolic constituents as active constituents. The content of urushiols, however, was highest in bark, but there was a trace amount in lignum. LC-MS-MS and PCA analysis showed good discrimination with the difference of phenolic composition in various parts of R. verniciflua. Taken together, phenolic compounds are responsible for the antibacterial activity of R. verniciflua. The lignum of R. verniciflua contains high content of phenolic compounds with less urushiols, which suggests efficient antibacterial activity with less toxicity. Therefore, the lignum of R. verniciflua is suggested as a good source for antibacterial material to use against fish bacterial diseases.

UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS-Based Molecular Networking Guided Isolation and Dereplication of Antibacterial and Antifungal Constituents of Ventilago denticulata

“…This work explores antibacterial agents in crude extracts and fractions of V. denticulata using UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS analysis, as well as a molecular networking. It is known that different parts of plants may have different chemical constituents and thus exerting different pharmacological effects [23]. We report herein antibacterial and antifungal compounds in both bark and trunk of a plant, V. denticulata.…”

Rhus verniciflua Stokes extract suppresses migration and invasion in human gastric adenocarcinoma AGS cells

“…According to a study that analyzed the content of total phenolic and flavonoids compound by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry analysis on the skin, stem, and leaves of RVS, gallic acid, dihydroxybenzoic acid, methyl gallate, pentagalloyl glucose, fustin, quercitrin, taxifolin, garbanzol, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside, fisetin, sulfuretin, butein, and urushiol were detected. Among them, the content of three substances, methyl gallate, fustin, and quercitrin, was the highest [41].…”

Antioxidant, Anti-Lung Cancer, and Anti-Bacterial Activities of Toxicodendron vernicifluum

“…Traditional knowledge gained attention with natural antioxidants, such as tocopherols, flavonoids, phenols, from plants as medicine for oxidative stress-related diseases [12]. Further, plant extracts are known to inhibit the human bacterial pathogens, cancer cells, and inflammations [11,13,14]. Moreover, chronic inflammations can lead to several diseases including periodontitis, ischemic heart disease, cancers, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, atherosclerosis, and ulcerative colitis [15,16].…”