Comparison between synthetic inertia and fast frequency containment control based on single phase EVs in a microgrid

Abstract

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Effects of decreasing synchronous inertia on power system dynamics—Overview of recent experiences and marketisation of services

“…Based on the conclusions of this project, it could be stated that electric vehicles are able to provide dynamic frequency control. FFR was more effective in the frequency nadir improvement and proved to be more resilient in this study compared with synthetic inertia …”

Electric vehicle integration into power systems

“…In Europe, sector coupling is considered necessary for large‐scale low‐carbon shift in the fields of energy and transportation, and using electric vehicles as partners of renewable energies and power grids has become an established approach. In the Parker Project by Technical University of Denmark (Figure ), a built‐in garage is arranged for connecting electric vehicles to a real‐time power grid simulator, and experiments are conducted aiming at fast charge‐discharge according to frequency variation (Δ f ) or Rate‐Of‐Change‐Of‐Frequency . Besides, V2G experiments are conducted with 10 power company cars involved in frequency adjustment (Frequency Containment Reserve) beyond business hours (7 am through 4 pm ).…”

Electric Vehicle Integration into Power Systems

“…In the Parker Project by Technical University of Denmark ( Figure 2), a built-in garage is arranged for connecting electric vehicles to a real-time power grid simulator, and experiments are conducted aiming at fast charge-discharge according to frequency variation (Δf) or Rate-Of-Change-Of-Frequency. 2,3 Besides, V2G experiments are conducted with 10 power company cars involved in frequency adjustment (Frequency Containment Reserve) beyond business hours (7 AM through 4 PM). A plug-in charger is composed of DC/AC converter, power meter, and communication module; a feature of this system is that control over grid connection and charge-discharge is concentrated in the plug-in charger.…”