Comparison between carvedilol and captopril in rats with partial ablation‐induced chronic renal failure

Abstract

1 The effect of the novel P-adrenoceptor antagonist and vasodilator, carvedilol (SK&F 105517, -70 mg kg-' daily in the food), and captopril (-38 mg kg-' daily in the drinking fluid) on the progression of chronic renal failure in rats was studied.2 Six weeks following partial renal ablation, the urinary protein excretion of the carvediol-(60 ± 21 mg day-') and captopril-treated (35 ± 9 mg day-') animals was less than 50% that of control rats (133 ± 27 mg d-').3 Serum creatinine (Scr) and urea nitrogen (SUN) concentrations of the carvedilol-(Scr, 0.63 ± 0.09 mg dl'; SUN, 11.3 ± 1.2 mg dl-') and captopril-treated (Scr, 0.82 ± 0.05 mg d1-'; SUN, 14.1 1.5 mg dl-') animals were also significantly (P<0.05) lower than that observed in control animals (Scr, 1.4 ± 0.3 mg dl-'; SUN, 19.2 ± 3.9 mg dl-'), indicating that glomerular filtration rate was improved by both drugs. Plasma renin activity was significantly (P<0.05) higher in captopril-treated rats (24.7 ± 4.6 ng angiotensin I ml-' h-') than in either carvedilol-treated (7.9 ± 1.4 ng angiotensin I ml -' h-') or control animals (7.4 ± 1.0 ng angiotensin I ml1 ' h-'). 4 Histological examination of the kidneys demonstrated a significantly reduced glomerular hypertrophy and glomerulosclerosis in those animals receiving carvedilol or captopril compared to controls. 5 Serum carvedilol concentration measured every 6 h for 24 h was variable and ranged on average from 57 ± 13 ng ml-' at 16 h 00 min to 121 ± 31 ng ml1' at 03 h 00 min. These data indicate that the rats probably had 24 h systemic exposure to carvedilol. 6 The present study indicates that carvedilol is effective in attenuating the progression of chronic renal failure in rats.

The Inhibitory Effects of Aqueous Extract of Magnolia officinalis on Human Mesangial Cell Proliferation by Regulation of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-BB and Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Expression

“…An ACE inhibitor like captopril markedly decreases growth factor activation, consecutively reduces glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis (14), and slows the progression of renal function deterioration (15). In the present study, Magnolia officinalis showed an inhibitory effect on the expression of ACE and growth factor, which may support that Magnolia officinalis traditionally has been used in progressive renal disease, and could prevent glomerulosclerosis by decreasing the growth factor activation like an ACE inhibitor does.…”

Differential Effects of β-Blockers on Albuminuria in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

“…Moreover, in experimental studies, carvedilol has been shown to preserve kidney structure and function. 30,35,36 This renoprotective effect is thought to be, at least in part, attributable to the antioxidant activity of carvedilol.…”

Sympathetic Activation in Chronic Renal Failure

“…Indeed, numerous experimental studies revealed ␤ blockade in fivesixths nephrectomy reduced glomerulosclerosis and progression of renal failure. 65 In a study by Brooks et al, 66 carvedilol had similar renoprotective effects when compared with the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor captopril. Of note, the well-described renoprotective effects of ACE inhibitors are, at least in part, also mediated by a reduction in sympathetic activity.…”