Comparative ultrasonographic characterization of the pelvis in clinically normal horses and donkeys

Abstract

This study was conducted to provide detailed a comparative ultrasonographic description of the pelvis in clinically normal horses and donkeys. It was carried out on 48 mature animals (30 horses and 18 donkeys). Evaluation of the pelvis was performed using transcutaneous and transrectal techniques. The following structures were examined: the tubera sacrales (the shape and distance between them and the distance between each of them and the first sacral spinous process), the ilial wing, the tuber coxae, the ilial body, the hip joint, the tuber ischii, the third trochanter, the appearance and measurements of the dorsal and lateral parts of the dorsal sacroiliac ligament and the thoracolumbar fascia, the ischiatic table, the obturator foramen and its contents, the pubis, the medial aspect of the acetabulum and the ilial body, the sacroiliac joint and the ventral aspect of the sacrum. For each evaluated structure, the results obtained were compared between horses and donkeys. A high correspondence was found between the pelvises of horses and donkeys concerning their ultrasonographic appearance and measurements, except for the cross sectional area of both dorsal parts of the dorsal sacroiliac ligament-thoracolumbar fascia combination, and the sacroiliac joint width, where there were significant differences between them. key words: donkey; horse; pelvic ultrasonography; transcutaneous; transrectal ________________________________________________________________________________________ introduction Infections and injuries of the pelvis are common in equine species. They are one of the major causes of hind limb lameness that greatly affects animal performance and may lead to its culling (ALMANZA and WHITCOMB, 2003; PILSWORTH, 2003; BERTONI

B- mode and Color Doppler sonographic appearance of pelvic tendon, ligament, and uterine blood flow in non-pregnant and heavy pregnant dairy cows

“…According to this study, the D-DSIL-TLF combination and L-DSIL appeared as moderately echogenic curvilinear or linear structure, respectively. This found in accordance with previously published reports in equine (Engeli et al 2006; Sharshar et al 2018) and cattle (Sharshar et al 2020). The SSL appeared at its origin as moderately echogenic sheet interspersed with small anechoic areas.…”

Ultrasonographic description of tendons and ligaments at the palmar (plantar) aspect of the distal limb in the one humped camel (Camelus dromedarius)

“…Ultrasonography is a readily available modality that can provide useful information about musculoskeletal disorders under field conditions. 8,10,[12][13][14] It has been used extensively for evaluation of soft tissue and bone surface in horses, 13,15 cattle, 14,16,17 and sheep. 18 In camels, most of the available literatures related to the evaluation of musculoskeletal system, is confined to bones and joints, 19,20 with few reports on the anatomy of soft tissues structures of the distal extremities.…”

“…Ultrasonography is a readily available modality that can provide useful information about musculoskeletal disorders under field conditions 8,10,12–14 . It has been used extensively for evaluation of soft tissue and bone surface in horses, 13,15 cattle, 14,16,17 and sheep 18 .…”