Comparative study of the floral biology and of the response of productivity to insect visitation in two rapeseed cultivars (Brassica napus L.) in Rio Grande do Sul

Blochtein, Betina; Nunes‐Silva, Patrícia; Halinski, Rosana; Lopes, Leticia Azambuja; Witter, Sídia

doi:10.1590/1519-6984.02213

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Studies have shown a 12 to 47% increase in canola crop yield secondary to cross-pollination with A. mellifera and other native bee species (Rosa et al, 2010;Bommarco et al, 2012;Garibaldi et al, 2013;Blochtein et al, 2014;Witter et al, 2015;Koh et al, 2016;Potts et al, 2016). Forest fragments and other semi-natural areas play a relevant role in wild bees nesting by facilitating their permanence in these sites.…”

Section: Supplemental Contributions To Pollination and Importance Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some regions of Southern Brazil, beekeepers take honeybee hives into canola fields, exploiting its abundant pollen resources, and stimulating the growth of their bee colonies during periods of food scarcity (winter) by improving the number of individuals and keeping a "strong colony" for spring. This period is fundamental for multiplication of hives and for introducing pollination in different crops (Blochtein et al, 2014). Since a few years, these benefits for beekeepers allied to the increased quality and quantity of crop production led farmers and beekeepers to start a promising partnership in Brazil.…”

Section: Foraging Range Of Beesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Canada, where canola originates, Sabbahi et al (2005) introduced three A. mellifera hives per hectare in a canola field and found a 46% increase in seed yield. Studies have shown that the presence of bees in this crop can increase grain yield by up to 47% (Becker et al, 1992;Bommarco et al, 2012;Blochtein et al, 2014;Witter et al, 2015). However, despite the well-established importance of A. mellifera to canola yields, wild bees may also contribute significantly to a more efficient pollination of this crop (Garibaldi et al, 2013;Koh et al, 2016;Potts et al, 2016).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Influence of Wild Bee Diversity on Canola Crop Yields

Halinski¹,

Santos²,

Kaehler³

et al. 2018

Sociobiology

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The foraging range of bees determines the spatial scale over which each species can provide pollination services. In agricultural ecosystems, productivity is related not only to the taxonomic diversity of bees per se, but also to the location of their nesting sites, which reflects on their flying range. Within this context, the present study sought to assess how wild bee assemblages affect the yield of Brassica napus at three different distances (25 m, 175 m, 325 m) from forest remnants in Southern Brazil. Bees were sampled by means of pan traps and findings were analyzed using the Shannon diversity index and generalized linear models. We identified 11 species of native bees, both solitary and social, as well as the exotic species Apis mellifera, which was most abundant. Our findings show that canola crop yield were positively influenced by the diversity of bee species. This demonstrates that native bees, not only A. mellifera, can contribute significantly to the productivity of canola crops. In addition, we found that bee body size is significantly associated with flight distance traveled within the canola fields, and demonstrated a relationship with nesting sites. Thus, we hypothesize that canola yields are associated with the presence of wild bee species, both social and solitary, and that maintenance of these pollinators is directly dependent on practices adopted in rural areas, whether within plantation fields per se or in forest remnants used as nesting sites by wild bees.

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Section: Supplemental Contributions To Pollination and Importance Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Foraging Range Of Beesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Wild Bee Diversity on Canola Crop Yields

Halinski¹,

Santos²,

Kaehler³

et al. 2018

Sociobiology

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“…Twenty flowers from different individuals were collected for morphometric analysis. Stigma receptivity of another 10 flowers of 10 plants was tested with H 2 O 2 (3%) (Dafni et al, 2005;Blochtein et al, 2014). Two other flowers (first day flowers) of ten plants were collected at different times of day and fixed in FAA (1 part 40% formaldehyde to 1 part acetic acid to 8 parts 80% ethanol) to count pollen grains along the flower anthesis.…”

Section: Tomato Floral Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

High species richness of native pollinators in Brazilian tomato crops

et al. 2016

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Pollinators provide an essential service to natural ecosystems and agriculture. In tomatoes flowers, anthers are poricidal, pollen may drop from their pore when flowers are shaken by the wind. However, bees that vibrate these anthers increase pollen load on the stigma and in fruit production. The present study aimed to identify the pollinator richness of tomato flowers and investigate their morphological and functional traits related to the plant-pollinator interaction in plantations of Central Brazil. The time of anthesis, flower duration, and the number and viability of pollen grains and ovules were recorded. Floral visitors were observed and collected. Flower buds opened around 6h30 and closed around 18h00. They reopened on the following day at the same time in the morning, lasting on average 48 hours. The highest pollen availability occurred during the first hours of anthesis. Afterwards, the number of pollen grains declined, especially between 10h00 to 12h00, which is consistent with the pollinator visitation pattern. Forty bee species were found in the tomato fields, 30 of which were considered pollinators. We found that during the flowering period, plants offered an enormous amount of pollen to their visitors. These may explain the high richness and amount of bees that visit the tomato flowers in the study areas. The period of pollen availability and depletion throughout the day overlapped with the bees foraging period, suggesting that bees are highly effective in removing pollen grains from anthers. Many of these grains probably land on the stigma of the same flower, leading to self-pollination and subsequent fruit development. Native bees (Exomalopsis spp.) are effective pollinators of tomato flowers and are likely to contribute to increasing crop productivity. On the other hand, here tomato flowers offer large amounts of pollen resource to a high richness and amount of bees, showing a strong plant-pollinator interaction in the study agroecosystem.Keywords: agroecosystem, buzz pollination, Exomalopsis, poricidal anther, Solanum lycopersicum L. Alta riqueza de espécies de polinizadores nativos em plantações Brasileiras de tomateiro ResumoPolinizadores fornecer um serviço essencial para os ecossistemas naturais e para agricultura.

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“…In Brazil, Mussury and Fernandes (2000) demonstrated an increase of 31.9% in the number of grains per plant under natural pollination conditions when compared to autogamy conditions. For crops in Rio Grande do Sul, Blochtein, Nunes-Silva, Halinski, Lopes, and Witter (2014) verified that free visits of insects increased yield by 17% in the Hyola 420 cultivar and by approximately 30% in the Hyola 61 cultivar.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

<b>Influence of pollination on canola seed production in the Cerrado of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais State, Brazil

et al. 2018

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of pollinating insects on canola productivity for different commercial hybrids, Hyola 61 and Hyola 433, in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The studies were conducted at the Fazenda Experimental Água Limpa of the Federal University of Uberlândia. To evaluate the influence of pollination by bees on the production of canola seeds, an experiment was carried out to exclude floral visitors and compare canola seed production following four treatments: (a) autogamy in Hyola 61, (b) autogamy in Hyola 433, (c) open pollination in Hyola 61, with insects having free access, and (d) open pollination in Hyola 433, with insects having free access. Flowers that were available for pollination had 25% and 18.8% heavier pods and 22.5% and 20.6% more seeds per pod in Hyola 61 and Hyola 433, respectively, than those bagged without pollination. The results show that the cross-pollination process, fostered by pollinator visits, positively influenced some parameters related to production, presenting an advantage in relation to canola autogamy in Cerrado Mineiro.Serviços de polinização na produção de sementes de canola no Cerrado de Uberlândia, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil RESUMO. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a influência da polinização por abelhas na produtividade de canola em diferentes híbridos comerciais, Hyola 61 e Hyola 433, em Minas Gerais. Os estudos foram conduzidos na Fazenda Experimental Água Limpa da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. Para avaliar os efeitos da polinização de abelhas na produtividade nas sementes de canola, realizou-se um experimento com exclusão dos visitantes florais, comparando a produção em quatro tratamentos: (a) autogamia em Hyola 61 e (b) autogamia em Hyola 433; (c) polinização aberta em Hyola 61 e (d) polinização aberta em Hyola 433 com acesso livre de insetos. As flores disponíveis para polinização apresentaram 25% e 18,8% sílicas mais pesadas e 22,5% e 20,6% mais sementes por sílica em Hyola 61 e Hyola 433, respectivamente, do que aquelas privadas de polinização. Os resultados apontaram que o processo de polinização cruzada, favorecida pela visita de insetos polinizadores, influenciou positivamente alguns parâmetros relacionados a produção, demonstrando-se vantajosa em relação à autogamia da canola no Cerrado Mineiro.Palavras-chave: Apis mellifera; Brassica napus; tropicalização; produtividade.

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Comparative study of the floral biology and of the response of productivity to insect visitation in two rapeseed cultivars (Brassica napus L.) in Rio Grande do Sul

Cited by 13 publications

References 21 publications

Influence of Wild Bee Diversity on Canola Crop Yields

Influence of Wild Bee Diversity on Canola Crop Yields

High species richness of native pollinators in Brazilian tomato crops

<b>Influence of pollination on canola seed production in the Cerrado of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais State, Brazil

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