Comparative Study of Postmortem Barbiturates, Methadone, and Morphine in Vitreous Humor, Blood, and Tissue

Ziminski, Kenneth; Wemyss, Courtney T.; Bidanset, Jesse H.; Manning, Thomas J.; Lukash, Leslie

doi:10.1520/jfs11751j

Cited by 41 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Studies on methadone concentrations in multiple human matrices are relatively limited in number, although Jantos and Skopp recently published a study on methadone enantiomer concentrations in 12 matrices in 16 methadone‐related deaths while our work was in progress . Notably, data on muscle and brain concentrations have been scarce until recently.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Enantiomers of Methadone and Its Main Metabolite EDDP in Human Tissues and Blood of Postmortem Cases

Holm

Línnet

2014

Journal of Forensic Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Knowledge concerning the distribution of methadone in postmortem human tissue and the effect of postmortem redistribution on methadone is today limited making the choice of a suitable substitute for femoral blood difficult when this is not available. Cardiac blood, femoral blood, muscle, and brain tissue concentrations of the enantiomers of methadone and its metabolite 2-ethyl-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolinium were recorded for 155 postmortem cases. Brain and muscle tissue concentrations exceeded the femoral blood concentrations with a median fold of 2.3 and 1.6, respectively, but both had a better correlation than cardiac blood to femoral blood concentrations. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed a significant dependency on time and body mass index for some of the matrix ratios over femoral blood. We conclude brain or muscle tissue may constitute a better alternative for measurement of methadone than cardiac blood for situations in which femoral blood is not available, despite concentrations in both matrices being systematically higher.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Enantiomers of Methadone and Its Main Metabolite EDDP in Human Tissues and Blood of Postmortem Cases

Holm

Línnet

2014

Journal of Forensic Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Historically, vitreous drug concentrations have been difficult to measure because of the small volume of the sample and the variation in the ability of the laboratory instruments to measure a vitreous specimen (51). It has been shown to be useful for detection of cocaine (52), benzodiazepines (50), and methadone (53). It may also be a more ideal medium for measurement of postmortem drug concentrations if the body has undergone considerable bleeding, decomposition, or burning (54).…”

Section: Alternatives To Bloodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Key Concepts in Postmortem Drug Redistribution

Yarema¹,

Becker²

2005

LCLT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Postmortem redistribution (PMR) refers to the changes that occur in drug concentrations after death. It involves the redistribution of drugs into blood from solid organs such as the lungs, liver, and myocardium. Drug properties such as volume of distribution, lipophilicity, and pKa are important factors. Basic, highly lipophilic drugs with a volume of distribution greater than 3 l/kg are most likely to undergo PMR. Examples include the tricyclic antidepressants, digoxin, and the amphetamines. The anatomical location of blood sampling can influence the drug concentration. The ideal site is a ligated or clamped femoral vein. Medical toxicologists participating in forensic cases involving drugs likely to undergo PMR must be aware of its potential contribution to the postmortem drug concentration. Correlation with laboratory data and any available antemortem or perimortem clinical information is necessary to render an appropriate opinion on the cause of death.

show abstract

“…Therefore, the role and importance of other body environments will be further enhanced Vitreous toxicology analyzes have many benefits [42] . Vitreous fluid due to simple sampling without the need for autopsy is one of the samples to be considered in forensic medicine and also after death [43], blood contamination and bacteria are relatively safe . Vitreous fluid is clear, which helps facilitate the testing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation and Determination of Tramadol and Methadone in Vitreous Samples With the Aid of Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction- High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Badakhshan

Ramezani

2020

J. Chil. Chem. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the present work, the use of microextraction methods for the separation and pre-concentration of narcotic drugs in urine and vitreous samples is presented. These simple and eco-friendly methods are used to measure tramadol and methadone, which are used to relieve pain and treat addiction to other drugs. Urine and vitreous samples from 54 corpses referenced to legal medicine were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. Extraction of tramadol and methadone was performed separately using 200 μl chloroform, 700 μl methanol at pH 10. Under the optimum conditions, the detection limit linear range were obtained 4.5 µg L-1 and 1.2 µg L-1 , 4.5-1000 µg L −1 and 1-1000 µg L −1 for determination of tramadol and methadone, respectively. According to the results, for accurate interpretation of the methadone and tramadol concentration in the bodies, its measurement in vitreous fluid is very useful and practical.

show abstract

Comparative Study of Postmortem Barbiturates, Methadone, and Morphine in Vitreous Humor, Blood, and Tissue

Cited by 41 publications

References 8 publications

Distribution of Enantiomers of Methadone and Its Main Metabolite EDDP in Human Tissues and Blood of Postmortem Cases

Distribution of Enantiomers of Methadone and Its Main Metabolite EDDP in Human Tissues and Blood of Postmortem Cases

Key Concepts in Postmortem Drug Redistribution

Evaluation and Determination of Tramadol and Methadone in Vitreous Samples With the Aid of Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction- High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About