Comparative Study of Legionella pneumophila and Other Nosocomial-Acquired Pneumonias

Roig, Jordi; Aguilar, Xavier; Ruíz, Jordi; Domingo, Christian; Mesalles, E.; Manterola, J. M.; Morera, J.

doi:10.1378/chest.99.2.344

Cited by 89 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Several studies have shown that CAPs caused by Legionella and pneumocci have nearly identical clinical and radiological findings and that non-specific laboratory test results cannot reliably differentiate between the two diseases (Diederen 2008; Roig et al 1991;Granados et al 1989). Cunha published a weighted point evaluation scale, the Winthrop University Hospital (WUH) criteria, to identify Legionnaires' disease based on clinical criteria.…”

Section: Legionnaires' Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity of the family Legionellaceae

Palusińska-Szysz

Cendrowska-Pinkosz

2009

Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp.

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The Legionellae are Gram-negative bacteria able to survive and replicate in a wide range of protozoan hosts in natural environments, but they also occur in man-made aquatic systems, which are the major source of infection. After transmission to humans via aerosols, Legionella spp. can cause pneumonia (Legionnaires' disease) or influenza-like respiratory infections (Pontiac fever). In children, Legionnaires' disease is uncommon and is mainly diagnosed in children with immunosuppression. The clinical picture of Legionella pneumonia does not allow differentiation from pneumonia caused by others pathogens. The key to diagnosis is performing appropriate microbiological testing. The clinical presentation and the natural course of Legionnaires' disease in children are not clear due to an insufficient number of samples, but morbidity and mortality caused by this infection are extremely high. The mortality rate for legionellosis depends on the promptness of an appropriate antibiotic therapy. Fluoroquinolones are the most efficacious drugs against Legionella. A combination of these drugs with macrolides seems to be promising in the treatment of immunosuppressed patients and individuals with severe legionellosis. Although all Legionella species are considered potentially pathogenic for humans, Legionella pneumophila is the etiological agent responsible for most reported cases of community-acquired and nosocomial legionellosis.

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Section: Legionnaires' Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity of the family Legionellaceae

Palusińska-Szysz

Cendrowska-Pinkosz

2009

Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp.

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“…Der Schwerpunkt von Infektionen durch Mycoplasma pneumoniae ist dabei in den Monaten März bis Mai zu finden, in einer Arbeit von Hauksdottir et al [28] aus Island dagegen schwerpunktmäßig in den Herbstund Wintermonaten. Insbesondere Pneumonien durch Legionella pneumophila scheinen sich in ihrer saisonalen Inzidenz antizyklisch zur allgemeinen Häufigkeit von Pneumonien zu verhalten mit Häufung im Sommer und in den frühen Herbstmonaten [29,30].…”

Section: Ambulant Erworbene Pneumonieunclassified

Saisonale Einfl�sse auf bakterielle respiratorische Infektionen im Kindes- und Erwachsenenalter

Allewelt

Lode

2003

Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschu

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“…Legionella species are infrequent causes of nosocomial pneumonia [16] but the true incidence is possibly underestimated since detection of Legionella infections requires specific microbiological and serological work up which is not part of the routine in many laboratories. In some institutions nosocomial Legionella pneumonia may account for a significant proportion of the nosocomial pneumonias [17,18]. It is our experience that nosocomial Legionellosis occurs sporadically and should be strongly considered if the patient does not respond promptly to an initial antibiotic regimen [19].…”

Section: Antibiotic Treatment: General Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic antibiotic treatment of nosocomial pneumonia

et al. 1992

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Nosocomial pneumonia continues to represent a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Bacteria are responsible for greater than 90% of the pneumonias, the most common isolates being aerobic Gram-negative bacilli and S. aureus. Cornerstones of treatment are intravenous antibiotics and supportive care. In the individual case the true etiology is usually unknown; therefore empiric broad spectrum treatment is commonly used based on the prevalence of local pathogens, their antibiotic sensitivity pattern and on host factors. Combination antibiotic regimens, including beta-lactams and aminoglycosides, are considered as standard therapy and are associated with clinical success rates of greater than 80%. Monotherapy with broad spectrum antibiotics, such as third generation cephalosporins, imipenem and fluoroquinolones, can be considered as equally effective in non-neutropenic patients and in the absence of P. aeruginosa infection. More active and less toxic antibiotics are still needed for problematic pathogens such as methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains, multiresistant Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas species. Because further improvement in morbidity and mortality may be limited with antibiotics alone, new emphasis should be placed on prevention of infection and the use of immunotherapy.

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Comparative Study of Legionella pneumophila and Other Nosocomial-Acquired Pneumonias

Cited by 89 publications

References 35 publications

Pathogenicity of the family Legionellaceae

Pathogenicity of the family Legionellaceae

Saisonale Einfl�sse auf bakterielle respiratorische Infektionen im Kindes- und Erwachsenenalter

Systemic antibiotic treatment of nosocomial pneumonia

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