Comparative Pharmacokinetic Study of Mangiferin After Oral Administration of Pure Mangiferin and US Patented Polyherbal Formulation to Rats

Abstract

Abstract. The US patented polyherbal formulation for the prevention and management of type II diabetes and its vascular complications was used for the present study. The xanthone glycoside mangiferin is one of the major effector constituents in the Salacia species with potential anti-diabetic activity. The pharmacokinetic differences of mangiferin following oral administration of pure mangiferin and polyherbal formulation containing Salacia species were studied with approximately the same dose 30 mg/kg mangiferin and its distribution among the major tissue in Wistar rats. Plasma samples were collected at different time points (15, 30, 60, 120, 180, 240, 360, 480, 600,1,440,2,160, and 2880 min) and subsequently analyzed using a validated simple and rapid LC-MS method. Plasma concentration versus time profiles were explored by non-compartmental analysis. Mangiferin plasma exposure was significantly increased when administered from formulation compared to the standard mangiferin. Mangiferin resided significantly longer in the body (last mean residence time (MRT last )) when given in the form of the formulation (3.65 h). C max values of formulation (44.16 μg/mL) administration were elevated when compared to equivalent dose of the pure mangiferin (15.23 μg/mL). Tissue distribution study of mangiferin from polyherbal formulation was also studied. In conclusion, the exposure of mangiferin is enhanced after formulation and administration and could result in superior efficacy of polyherbal formulation when compared to an equivalent dose of mangiferin. The results indicate that the reason which delays the elimination of mangiferin and enhances its bioavailability might the interactions of the some other constituents present in the polyherbal formulation. Distribution study results indicate that mangiferin was extensively bound to the various tissues like the small intestine, heart, kidney, spleen, and liver except brain tissue.

Comparative Pharmacokinetic Study of Mangiferin in Normal and Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats after Oral and Intravenous Administration by UPLC-MS/MS

“…After oral administration, the mean t 1/2 of mangiferin in normal rats appeared to be significantly prolonged than that in the reported studies [13,19,21,22]. Furthermore, the mean (SD) t 1/2 of mangiferin in alloxan-induced rats was 8.34 (2.18) h with a 2.21-fold increase compared with that of STZ-induced rats [13].…”

“…However, to date, pharmacokinetic data for mangiferin are mostly derived from healthy [19][20][21][22] and STZinduced diabetic rats after oral administration [13]. To the best of our knowledge, no investigation has been reported about the pharmacokinetics of mangiferin in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.…”

Mangiferin and Cancer: Mechanisms of Action

“…The point of maximum plasma concentration (38.64 ng/mL −1 ) was at approximately 1 h, and was surprisingly low considering the dose of 0.9 g. This outcome supports other published findings such as those reported by [ 89 , 91 ] in rats. Maximal plasma concentrations, both quantity and time, were enhanced when mangiferin was orally administered to rats as a polyherbal formulation, rather than as mangiferin alone [ 92 ]. Similarly, Ma et al, in a rat model, found that permeability and plasma concentrations were improved following administration of a phospholipid complex containing mangiferin, relative to administration of mangiferin alone [ 93 ].…”

Pharmacokinetics of gallic acid from the topical ointments of standardized extracts of Chrysophyllum cainito and Mimusops elengi in rats

“…WinNonlin computer software (WinNonlin® 6.3, Phoenix™, USA) was used for the determination of the pharmacokinetic parameters C max (maximum drug concentration), T max (time to reach the maximum drug concentration) , t 1/2 (half-life) , K el (terminal elimination rate constant), AUC 0-24h (area under the plasma concentration-time curve) and AUC 0-∞ (area under the plasma concentration-time curve extrapolated to infinity to obtain last measurable plasma drug concentration). [21][22][23][24] All results are expressed as the arithmetic mean ± standard deviation. The statistical analysis, scientific graphing and data evaluation were performed using Excel-2007 (Microsoft, New York, USA).…”