Comparative morphology of nucleolar DNA in <i>Drosophila</i>. II. Drosophila fulvimaculoides and drosophila tumiditarsus

Hj, Barr

doi:10.1002/jmor.1051340207

Journal of Morphology

1971

DOI: 10.1002/jmor.1051340207

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Comparative morphology of nucleolar DNA in Drosophila. II. Drosophila fulvimaculoides and drosophila tumiditarsus

Barr Hj

Abstract: This paper reports the demonstration, using fluorescence microscopy, of nucleolar DNA in two species of Drosophila. In Drosophila fulvimaculoides, the nucleolar DNA presents a variable morphology, suggestive of puffing activity. This material, which sometimes shows a banded structure like that of the polytene chromosomes, is shown not to be coextensive with the Y chromosome. Nucleolar DNA is demonstrated in Drosophila tumiditarsus also, and previous reports of an association of the dot chromosome with the nucl… Show more

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1972

1981

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Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

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Nucleolar organization in oocytes of gryllid crickets: Subfamilies gryllinae and nemobiinae

Allen

Cave

1972

Journal of Morphology

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A cytological and cytochemical survey was made of nucleolar changes during oocyte development in several different species of crickets (Gryllidae) representing the subfamilies Gryllinae and Nemobiinae. A large mass of extrachromosomal DNA is characteristic of the pachytene stage nuclei of all species examined. Nucleolar material accumulates at the periphery of the DNA body as the cells proceed into the diplotene stage of development. As the oocytes proceed through diplotene, the nucleoli reorganize into many small masses which eventually disperse in the nucleoplasm. These changes reflect both an increase in number and in size of the nucleolar material during the diplotene stage and the mode by which dispersal of nucleolar material is accomplished. These differences probably reflect differences in the organization of extrachromosomal nucleolar DNA.

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Nucleolar organization in oocytes of gryllid crickets: Subfamilies gryllinae and nemobiinae

Allen

Cave

1972

Journal of Morphology

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Nucleolar DNA in oocytes of crickets: Representatives of the subfamilies Oecanthinae and Gryllotalpinae (Orthoptera: Gryllidae)

Cave

Allen

1974

Journal of Morphology

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A large extrachromosomal mass of Feulgen positive material, the DNA body, has been visualized in early prophase oocytes of crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) representative of the closely related subfamilies Gryllinae and Nemobiinae. A similar structure is present in oocytes of representatives of two subfamilies of crickets (subfamilies Oecanthinae and Gryllotalpinae) which taxonomically and phylogenetically are quite separate from those mentioned previously. In situ hybridization demonstrates that the body contains amplified copies of genes coding for ribosomal RNA. Unlike the DNA body in early diplotene oocytes of representatives of thc subfamily Gryllinae, which is closely associated with the developing nucleolar apparatus, the DNA body in oocytes of the Oecanthinae and Gryllotalpinae cannot be demonstrated during diplotene. In the Oecanthinae, the nucleolar apparatus of early diplotene stage oocytes is composed of four to seven separate structures, the ribonucleoprotein of which has a characteristically lamellated appearance. During late diplotene, these nucleoli give rise to many smaller structures which are distributcd throughout the germinal vesicle. In early diplotene stage oocytes of Scqpteriscus acletus (Subfamily: Gryllotalpinae), the nucleolar apparatus coiisists of a single compact mass of ribonucleoprotein. In contrast to the oocytes of all other crickets that have been studied, the nucleolus of S. acletus remains single throughout diplotene. I n situ hybridization analysis indicates that the amplified genes coding for rRNA which are localized in the DNA body of early prophase oocytes become incorporated into this compact nucleolar mass. Differences in nucleolar structure appear to reflect differences in the organization of amplified genes coding for rRNA.

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Localization and characterization of rDNA in Drosophila tumiditarsus

Sinibaldi

Cummings

1981

Chromosoma

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Using in situ nucleic acid hybridizations, the genes that code for 28, 18 and 5S rRNA have been localized in the polytene chromosomes of Drosophila tumiditarsus. The 5S genes are found at a single site near the centromere of the second chromosome, whereas the 28 and 18S genes are found at the nucleolar organizer region of the dot chromosome. The dot chromosome has been previously described as alpha-heterochromatic. However, our cytochemical and autoradiographic results do not support such a conclusion. The autoradiographic results reveal that the dot chromosome is transcriptionally active and is not late-replicating, as is expected of alpha-heterochromatin. Further, the dot chromosomes possess none of the usual staining characteristics of heterochromatin except for its lack of polytene bands. Using rRNA-DNA filter hybridizations, we find that the rDNA of D. tumiditarsus salivary glands is under-replicated. This is the first species of Drosophila where the rDNA in not found on the sex chromosomes, and is the first report of an under-replicated autosomal locus which is not located in heterochromatic blocks.

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Comparative morphology of nucleolar DNA in Drosophila. II. Drosophila fulvimaculoides and drosophila tumiditarsus

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Nucleolar organization in oocytes of gryllid crickets: Subfamilies gryllinae and nemobiinae

Nucleolar organization in oocytes of gryllid crickets: Subfamilies gryllinae and nemobiinae

Nucleolar DNA in oocytes of crickets: Representatives of the subfamilies Oecanthinae and Gryllotalpinae (Orthoptera: Gryllidae)

Localization and characterization of rDNA in Drosophila tumiditarsus

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