Comparative incidence of adverse drug reaction during the first and subsequent year of antiretroviral therapy in a Nigerian HIV infected cohort

Abah, Isaac Okoh; Dayom, Wetkos D; Dangiwa, Dauda Audi; Aderemi-Williams, Roseline Iberi; Anejo-Okopi, Joseph; Agbaji, Oche; Kanki, Phyllis; Aguiyi, John Chinyere

doi:10.4314/ahs.v21i3.10

Cited by 5 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Study populations were divided into general and specific patient cohorts. Of 78 studies, 27 studies [ 18 – 44 ] were carried out among general patients, while the remaining studies [ 45 – 95 ] were carried out among specific patients. Seventeen studies [ 18 – 22 , 24 , 26 , 31 , 33 – 35 , 38 , 39 , 41 – 43 , 51 ] reported the prevalence of ADEs leading to hospital admissions, while 30 studies [ 18 , 19 , 22 – 33 , 35 , 37 – 41 , 43 , 44 , 65 , 80 , 85 – 88 , 91 , 95 ] reported the prevalence of ADEs during hospitalization.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, 38 studies [ 45 – 50 , 52 , 54 – 64 , 66 – 74 , 76 , 78 , 79 , 82 – 84 , 89 , 90 , 92 – 94 ] reported the occurrence of ADEs in the outpatient setting, and four studies [ 53 , 75 , 77 , 81 ] reported ADEs in the community setting. Majority of included studies [ 18 – 22 , 27 – 29 , 32 – 34 , 36 , 37 , 40 , 41 , 43 , 45 – 48 , 52 , 54 – 60 , 62 – 65 , 67 , 70 , 72 – 74 , 76 , 79 , 81 , 82 , 89 , 90 , 92 – 94 ] were carried out on adult population (aged ≥ 18 years) ( n = 46), while 18 studies were conducted among all age groups (aged 0–100 years) [ 23 , 24 , 30 , 50 , 51 , 61 , 66 , 68 , 69 , 71 , 75 , 77 , 78 , 84 – 88 ], 12 studies [ 25 ...…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variation of adverse drug events in different settings in Africa: a systematic review

Nyame,

Hu,

Xue

et al. 2024

Eur J Med Res

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Background Adverse drug events (ADEs) represent challenges affecting Africa’s healthcare systems owing to the increased healthcare expenditure and negative health outcomes of ADEs. Objectives We aimed to systematically review published studies on ADEs and synthesize the existing evidence of ADE prevalence in Africa. Methods Studies reporting on ADE occurrence in African settings and published from Jan 1, 2000 to Oct 1, 2023 were identified by searching PubMed, EBSCO, Science Direct, and Web of Science. Studies that either articulately investigated ADEs caused by clinical condition (such as HIV patients) or ADEs caused by exposure to specific drug(s) (such as antibiotics) were considered specific and the remaining were general. Grouped ADE prevalence rates were described using median and interquartile range (IQR). PROSPERO registration (CRD42022374095). Results We included 78 observational studies from 15 African countries that investigated the prevalence of ADEs leading to hospital admissions (17 studies), developed during hospitalizations (30 studies), and captured in the outpatient departments (38 studies) or communities (4 studies). Twelve studies included multiple settings. The median prevalence of ADE during hospitalization was 7.8% (IQR: 4.2–21.4%) and 74.2% (IQR: 54.1–90.7%) in general and specific patients, respectively. The ADE-related fatality rate was 0.1% and 1.3% in general and specific patients. The overall median prevalence of ADEs leading to hospital admissions was 6.0% (IQR: 1.5–9.0%); in general, patients and the median prevalence of ADEs in the outpatient and community settings were 22.9% (IQR: 14.6–56.1%) and 32.6% (IQR: 26.0–41.3%), respectively, with a median of 43.5% (IQR: 16.3–59.0%) and 12.4% (IQR: 7.1–28.1%) of ADEs being preventable in general and specific patients, respectively. Conclusions The prevalence of ADEs was significant in both hospital and community settings in Africa. A high ADE prevalence was observed in specific patients, emphasizing important areas for improvement, particularly in at-risk patient groups (e.g., pediatrics, HIV, and TB patients) in various settings. Due to limited studies conducted in the community setting, future research in this setting is encouraged.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation of adverse drug events in different settings in Africa: a systematic review

Nyame,

Hu,

Xue

et al. 2024

Eur J Med Res

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“…Also, the costs of laboratory tests and expenditures related to adverse drug events (ADEs) are not covered or subsidized although the free ART policy covers the cost of antiviral drugs for PLWH. This may explain some of the nancial constraints cited by PLWH, as a Nigerian study showed that the incidence rate of ADEs among PLWH was high at 28.3% [94]. In addition, the reimbursement rate of medical insurance for the treatment of PLWH is low.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disparities in healthcare access and utilization among people living with HIV in China: a scoping review and meta-analysis

Fan

Marley³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Healthcare disparities hinder the goal of ending the HIV pandemic by 2030. This review aimed to understand the status of healthcare disparities among people living with HIV (PLWH) in China and summarize driving factors. Methods We searched six databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and China Wanfang. English or Chinese articles published between January 2000 and July 2022 were included if they focused on any disparities in access to and utilization of healthcare among PLWH in China. Grey literature, reviews, conferences, and commentaries were excluded. A random effects model was used to calculate the pooled estimates of data on healthcare access/utilization and identified the driving factors of healthcare disparities based on a socio-ecological framework. Results A total of 8728 articles were identified in the initial search. Fifty-one articles met the inclusion criteria. Of these studies, 37 studies reported HIV-focused care, and 14 focused on non-HIV-focused care. PLWH aged ≥ 45 years, female, ethnic minority, and infected with HIV through sexual transmission had a higher rate of receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Females living with HIV have higher adherence to ART than males. Notably, 20% (95% CI, 9–43%, I2 = 96%) of PLWH with illness in two weeks did not seek treatment, and 30% (95% CI, 12–74%, I2 = 90%) refused hospitalization when needed. Barriers to HIV-focused care included the lack of knowledge of HIV/ART and treatment side effects at the individual level, and social discrimination and physician-patient relationships at the community/social level. Structural barriers included out-of-pocket medical costs, and distance and transportation issues. The most frequently reported barriers to non-HIV-focused care were financial constraints and the perceived need for medical services at individual-level factors; and discrimination from healthcare providers, distrust of healthcare services at the community/social level. Conclusion This review suggests disparities in ART access, adherence, and utilization of non-HIV-focused care among PLWH. Financial issues and social discrimination were prominent reasons for healthcare disparities in PLWH care. Creating a supportive social environment and expanding insurance policies, like covering more medical services and increasing reimbursement rates could be considered to promote healthcare equity.

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“…Also, the costs of laboratory tests and expenditures related to adverse drug events (ADEs) are not covered or subsidized, although the free ART policy covers the cost of antiviral drugs for PLWH. This may explain some of the financial constraints cited by PLWH, as a Nigerian study showed that the incidence rate of ADEs among PLWH was high at 28.3% [89]. In addition, the reimbursement rate of medical insurance for the treatment of PLWH is low.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disparities in healthcare access and utilization among people living with HIV in China: A scoping review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThis review aims to assess the status of healthcare disparities among people living with HIV (PLWH) in China and summarize the factors that drive them.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and China Wanfang for studies published in English or Chinese. Studies focusing on any disparities in healthcare services among PLWH in China and published between January 2000 and July 2022 were included.ResultsIn all, 51 articles met the inclusion criteria, with 37 studies reporting HIV‐focused care, and 14 reporting non‐HIV‐focused care. PLWH aged ≥45 years (vs. <45 years), female (vs. male), ethnic minority (vs. Han), and cases attributed to sexual transmission (vs. injecting drug use) were more likely to receive ART. Females living with HIV have higher ART adherence than males. Notably, 20% [95% confidence interval (CI): 9–43%, I2 = 96%] of PLWH reported any illness in the previous 2 weeks without medical consultation, and 30% (95% CI: 12–74%, I2 = 90%) refused hospitalization when needed in the previous year. Barriers to HIV‐focused care included inadequate HIV/ART knowledge and treatment side effects at the individual level; and social discrimination and physician–patient relationships at the community/social level. Structural barriers included medical costs and transportation issues. The most frequently reported barriers to non‐HIV‐focused care were financial constraints and the perceived need for medical services at individual‐level factors; and discrimination from physicians, and medical distrust at the community/social level.ConclusionThis review suggests disparities in access and utilization of healthcare among PLWH. Financial issues and social discrimination were prominent reasons. Creating a supportive social environment and expanding insurance policies could be considered to promote healthcare equity.

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Comparative incidence of adverse drug reaction during the first and subsequent year of antiretroviral therapy in a Nigerian HIV infected cohort

Cited by 5 publications

References 32 publications

Variation of adverse drug events in different settings in Africa: a systematic review

Variation of adverse drug events in different settings in Africa: a systematic review

Disparities in healthcare access and utilization among people living with HIV in China: a scoping review and meta-analysis

Disparities in healthcare access and utilization among people living with HIV in China: A scoping review and meta‐analysis

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