Comparative histopathology of the lymph nodes, spleen, liver and kidney in experimental ovine trypanosomosis

Abstract

<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica;">The infection of Yankassa rams with three important trypanosome species affecting livestock, namely, <em>Trypanosoma congolense, T. vivax and T. brucei </em>produced both acute and chronic fatal conditions. Chronic infections were induced in the three infections by the application of subcurative doses of diaminazene aceturate (Berenil®). Pathological changes in the infected animals included splenomegaly and hepatomegaly which were more pronounced in acute than in chronic <em>T. congolense</em> infection. However, these changes were more severe in chronic than in acute <em>T. vivax</em> infection. While splenomegaly was more pronounced in chronic <em>T. brucei </em>infection than in acute, hepatomegaly and lymphadenopathy were more severe in acute than in the chronic condition. The increases in size of the spleen, lymph nodes and liver were associated with congestion, increases in cell density related to increased immunological reactions in the spleen and lymph nodes as well as increase in numbers, size and activity of the phagocytic cells in these organs.</span&gt

Comparative clinico-pathological observations in young Zebu (Bos indicus) cattle experimentally infected with Trypanosoma vivax isolates from tsetse infested and non-tsetse areas of Northwest Ethiopia

“…In this study, hyperplasia of the red pulp, enlargement of the lymphoid nodules and proliferation of plasma cells were the lesions seen in the spleen in all infected groups is in agreement with the finding of Omotainse and Anosa [ 42 ]. Neuronal necrosis with shrunken angular neuron, pyknosis, perivasculatis, mononuclear cell infiltration like lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages were the lesions seen in the brain which might be associated the presence of parasites in the brain tissue (Fig.…”

“…The lesions in the lymph nodes of trypanosome infected animals included increased presence of plasma cell populations, and the perivascular mononuclear cell infiltration, mainly of lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages, hepatocyte degeneration and hyperplasia in the liver were the common feature in the present findings. These changes accord to the findings described by Omotainse and Anosa [ 42 ] in ovine infected with T. vivax , T. congolense and T. brucei . This might have played a significant role in the inability of the animals to successfully recover from the anaemia experienced in trypanosomosis [ 42 ].…”

“…These changes accord to the findings described by Omotainse and Anosa [ 42 ] in ovine infected with T. vivax , T. congolense and T. brucei . This might have played a significant role in the inability of the animals to successfully recover from the anaemia experienced in trypanosomosis [ 42 ].…”

Anti-trypanosome effects of nutritional supplements and vitamin D3: in vitro and in vivo efficacy against Trypanosoma brucei brucei

“…Although we did not study the possible histopathological changes due to vitamin D 3 treatment, similar phenomena were observed by one of the authors in the murine experimental malaria (KY, manuscript in preparation). Probably, T. b. brucei infection could produce acute and chronic fatal conditions just like splenomegaly to the host [ 29 ]. On the other hand, polyphenon-60 has been shown to have toxic effects when administered in high doses to mice, where they induce reactive oxygen species formation, and affect mitochondrial membrane potential thereby causing death [ 30 ].…”

Macrophages: Biology and Role in the Pathology of Diseases

“…However, both parasite models share two prominent pathogenic features in common, i.e. liver pathogenicity and anemia development (Moulton and Sollod 1976 ;Omotainse and Anosa 2009 ), whereby in particular the latter is one of the most prominent immunopathogenic features of both bovine and murine African trypanosomiasis. In this context, hosts displaying severe disease symptoms and pathogenicity are termed trypanosusceptible or susceptible, while hosts exhibiting an infection with low pathogenicity are referred to as trypanotolerant or resistant (Taylor 1998 ).…”