Comparative Evaluation of Frictional forces between different Archwire-bracket Combinations

Abstract

Introduction: During sliding mechanics, frictional resistance is an important counterforce to orthodontic tooth movement; which must be controlled to allow application of light continuous forces. objective:To investigate static and kinetic frictional resistance between three orthodontic brackets: ceramic, self-ligating, and stainless steel, and three 0.019×0.025" archwires: stainless steel, nickel-titanium, titanium-molybdenum. Materials & Method:The in vitro study compared the effects of stainless steel, nickel-titanium, and beta-titanium archwires on frictional forces of three orthodontic bracket systems: ceramic, self-ligating, and stainless steel brackets. All brackets had 0.022" slots, and the wires were 0.019×0.025". Friction was evaluated in a simulated half-arch fixed appliance on a testing machine. The static and kinetic friction data were analyzed with 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc Duncan multiple range test. result: Self-ligating (Damon) brackets generated significantly lower static and kinetic frictional forces than stainless steel (Gemini) and ceramic brackets (Clarity). Among the archwire materials, Beta-titanium showed the maximum amount of frictional force and stainless steel archwires had the lowest frictional force. conclusion:The static and kinetic frictional force for stainless steel bracket was lowest in every combination of wire.

A comparative analysis of the frictional resistance of esthetic orthodontic wires

“…According to the findings, the metallic orthodontic wire presented a greater frictional resistance than the esthetic wires. Previous studies 5,[15][16][17][18] have shown that esthetic brackets have reduced roughness and lower friction when compared to conventional stainless-steel brackets. In the scientific literature, the studies analyzing the frictional resistance of different brackets have reported inconsistent findings due to the different methodologies used, in particular: orthodontic wires and brackets of different manufacturers, different combinations of bracket and wire, distinct test conditions (dry or saliva/other solutions-moistened environment), and different bracket angulations.…”

“…All these factors make it difficult to compare the results between the studies. In general, the smoother surface of the ceramic brackets is believed to contribute to less resistance to friction and mechanical sliding 17,18 .…”

Changes in the corrosion rate and microstructure of beta titanium wire using kiwi peel extract

“…Friction can reduce available forces up to 40%, which causes loss of anchor. [5][6][7] Corrosion in the beta titanium wire can also cause titanium ion release that can cause hypersensitivity reactions in some individuals. Studies report that sensitivity to titanium is between 0.6% and 5% in the general population.…”