Comparative Evaluation of Dyslipedemia in Obese and Diabetic Patients of Rural and Urban Areas in Lahore, Pakistan

Abstract

Objective: Obesity and diabetes mellitus are interconnected conditions that share a number of pathophysiological mechanisms such as dyslipidemia leading to cardiovascular complications. The present study was conducted to determine the individual and combined effect of diabetes mellitus and obesity on dyslipidemia and ultimately on silent coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods:The patients selected from urban and rural areas of Lahore were recruited on the basis of body mass index (BMI) and fasting blood sugar (FBS) and were classified in four groups: (Group A; obese-diabetic, Group B; non-obese and diabetic, Group C; obese and non-diabetic and Group D; non-obese and non-diabetic).Total lipid profile including total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoproteins and low density lipoproteins were determined along with exercise tolerance test (ETT). Results:The results indicated that combined obesity and diabetes was the major cause of Dyslipaedemia and CAD followed by obesity and diabetes alone. Triglycerides and atherogenic level of HDL-C were more prevalent in obese-diabetic patients (group A) followed by obese (group C) and diabetic (group B) alone.However low density lipoprotein (LDL) was more significant in obese (group C) but the results were also comparable in all other groups. Conclusion:The result of ETT revealed that overall group A was more prone towards CAD as compared to group B and group C but there was a non-significant correlation between CAD and obesity/diabetes within all experimental groups. Moreover, the risk of dyslipidemia and CAD was non significantly higher in urban population than rural population.

Associations of Fasting Blood Glucose with Influencing Factors in Northeast China: A Quantile Regression Analysis

“…Further, it has been proven that dyslipidemia was associated with blood glucose [ 26 , 30 ]. Our results showed that TG level was positively correlated with FBG, and displayed an increasing trend for both males and females.…”

“…Another cohort study in China found that DM was more common in urban areas [ 6 ], and we found that living in urban places could increase level of FBG (except in the high quantiles of FBG). This may be associated with a sedentary lifestyle and dietary changes [ 30 , 35 ]. Plenty of epidemiological and randomized clinical studies have suggested that lifestyle interventions would have beneficial effects on FBG [ 36 , 37 ], such as diet control, weight control, and alcohol control, etc.…”