Compact hexa-band bio-inspired antenna using asymmetric microstrip feeding technique for wireless applications

Abstract

A compact Hexa-band Bio-inspired antenna is presented in this paper. The structure of the proposed antenna is realized from a semi-Vine-leaf shape, Defected Ground Structure (DGS) and arc-slots techniques. The total dimension of the antenna is 0.35λd x 0.14λd; where λd is the guided wavelength at low frequency (2.37GHz). The design begins with a semi- Vitis vinifera leaf-shaped radiating patch monopole structure, fed with an asymmetric microstrip feedline to achieve compactness. Five (5) arc slits are then introduced on the radiating patch of the initiator with an intention to create band notches and thereby results in multiband and further miniaturization. The proposed antenna is analyzed, simulated and fabricated. The measurement results of the proposed antenna show that the antenna operates at 2.37GHz, 3.06GHz, 3.52GHz, 4.28GHz, 4.88GHz, and 6.0GHz with a -10dB fractional bandwidth of 11.97%, 4.61%, 12.43%, 6.77%, 2.46%, and 11.55% respectively. The peak gain of the proposed antenna is 3.21 dBi. The radiation patterns of the proposed antenna are Bi-directional at XZ-plane and XY-plane, but Omnidirectional at YZ-plane. Owing to the compactness of the antenna, suitable radiation pattern, acceptable gain and high radiation efficiency, the proposed antenna is suitable for several applications such as Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) Band, Radar, WiMAX, 5G mid-band, Bluetooth, WLAN, WiMAX, LTE, and Wi-Fi. The contributions of this work are: (i) the use of asymmetric microstrip feedline for miniaturization purpose contrary to the commonly used asymmetric coplanar strip; (ii) simple formulation for the predictions of notch bands introduced by the slit on the radiating patch; and (iii) presentation of ultra-compact hexa-band antenna compared to the existing multiband antenna.

Ram Horn-Shaped Inspired Folded Compact Antenna for 4G LTE-A and WLAN Portable Mobile Applications

“…e distance between the edge of the radiating patch and the substrate is 1 mm at the two sides and 0.75 mm at the top. e frequency of a quarter-wavelength strip can be determined by using equation (1) [2,35]. erefore, the expected fundamental mode resonance of the strip can be predicted.…”

“…e compact multiband antenna has become the darling of the wireless communication community because of the need for miniaturized devices on the part of both the manufacturers and users [1][2][3][4]. Many microwave system researchers have invested effort in realizing compact antennas such as [5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

“…e same meandering technique has been recently exploited by authors in [5][6][7][8]. Furthermore, the slotting technique has been used by authors in [2,[20][21][22][23][24][25]. For example, authors in [20] used the Audi logo-shaped as a slot on a rectangular patch on a 20 × 12 mm 2 FR-4 substrate to achieve a triband antenna operating at 3.9 GHz, 5.0 GHz, and 7.1 GHz, respectively.…”

A shorting-pin based compact meander multiband printed monopole antenna

“…Many techniques have been explored in the literature for the miniaturization of multiband antennas. For example, slotting [1,2,3,4,5], Defected ground structure (DGS) [6,7,8,9], parasitic loading [6,10,11,12,13,14,15], and multiple structure techniques have been used. Some of these structures have their disadvantages, for example, slotting (on the radiating patch) reduces the antenna gain and radiation efficiency; DGS can lead to complex structure; parasitic loading and multiple structure techniques increase the antenna size.…”

“…In recent times, the bio-inspired structure has also attracted antenna engineers due to its advantages such as perimeter improvement, fractality (self-repeating) nature, and flexibility. Whereas, majority of the bio-inspired antennas reported in the literature focus on ultrawideband applications [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ], others have also explored it in developing compact multi-band antennas [ 4 , 5 , 23 ].…”