A compact Hexa-band Bio-inspired antenna is presented in this paper. The structure of the proposed antenna is realized from a semi-Vine-leaf shape, Defected Ground Structure (DGS) and arc-slots techniques. The total dimension of the antenna is 0.35λd x 0.14λd; where λd is the guided wavelength at low frequency (2.37GHz). The design begins with a semi- Vitis vinifera leaf-shaped radiating patch monopole structure, fed with an asymmetric microstrip feedline to achieve compactness. Five (5) arc slits are then introduced on the radiating patch of the initiator with an intention to create band notches and thereby results in multiband and further miniaturization. The proposed antenna is analyzed, simulated and fabricated. The measurement results of the proposed antenna show that the antenna operates at 2.37GHz, 3.06GHz, 3.52GHz, 4.28GHz, 4.88GHz, and 6.0GHz with a -10dB fractional bandwidth of 11.97%, 4.61%, 12.43%, 6.77%, 2.46%, and 11.55% respectively. The peak gain of the proposed antenna is 3.21 dBi. The radiation patterns of the proposed antenna are Bi-directional at XZ-plane and XY-plane, but Omnidirectional at YZ-plane. Owing to the compactness of the antenna, suitable radiation pattern, acceptable gain and high radiation efficiency, the proposed antenna is suitable for several applications such as Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) Band, Radar, WiMAX, 5G mid-band, Bluetooth, WLAN, WiMAX, LTE, and Wi-Fi. The contributions of this work are: (i) the use of asymmetric microstrip feedline for miniaturization purpose contrary to the commonly used asymmetric coplanar strip; (ii) simple formulation for the predictions of notch bands introduced by the slit on the radiating patch; and (iii) presentation of ultra-compact hexa-band antenna compared to the existing multiband antenna.
The evolution of advancement in communication technologies and ever-increasing demand by users for compact communication devices has necessitated a shift in the design approach to achieve antenna structures that are compact and robust. Owing to the diverse communication requirements, antenna systems operating across wide bands have become a necessity. An antenna that is capable of working effectively in several bands is called wideband antenna. In this work, a bio-inspired microstrip antenna (Bi-MPA) for wideband application is proposed and simulated. The radiating patch of the proposed Bi-MPA is the shape of Carica Papaya leaf. The structure was realized through the perturbation of the circular shape patch. The proposed antenna has an impedance bandwidth of 4.3 GHz (1.9 GHz–6.2 GHz) at a return loss of 10 dB while it exhibits a narrow band at 7.2 GHz (6.99–7.44 GHz) and 9.3 GHz (9.15–9.35 GHz) bands. The gain of the proposed antenna is between 2.60 dB and 10.22 dB and the radiation pattern is quasi-omnidirectional. The proposed Bi-MPA is compact and suitable for global system for mobile communication (GSM1900), Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), Long Term Evolution (LTE2300 and LTE2600), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), C-band, X-band, and sub6 GHz fifth-generation (5G) band. Our contribution to the scientific community in this work is that we have proposed a single antenna structure that is suitable for communication in all the bands mentioned in order to ensure compactness in the mobile devices as compared to base station antennas.
This paper presents a High Gain, enhanced Bandwidth Patch antenna for 5G operations. The dual-band is achieved using an inset-fed feeding technique for the microstrip patch antenna, which operates at the 28/38GHz millimeter-wave band. The high gain of the patch is achieved by inserting two rectangular slots on the radiating element of the patch. The designed antenna Bandwidth is improved by incorporating three steps at the edge of the rectangular patch. The substrate used for the format is Rogers RT Duroid 5880, with a thickness of 0.508mm, loss tangent of 0.0009, and a relative permittivity constant of 2.2. Ansys HFSS software is used for the simulation. The design attained a maximum gain of 8.2dB and 7.8dB at 27.84GHz and 39.32GHz. The impedance bandwidth response of 1.46 and 4.27GHz at the respective resonating frequencies below the -10dB line of the parameters are achieved. A compact antenna is proposed with a size of 3.2x4.9x0.508 and has a high Gain with a wide Bandwidth at both bands. The proposed antenna has achieved a good performance within the operating bands, making it suitable for 5G applications.
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