Compact and low power on-line self-testing voting scheme

Resilient computer system design

“…• By increasing the reliability of the voter using fault avoidance techniques • By triplicating the voter and connecting the module outputs to all three voters (Johnson 1989) so that individual voting failures can be corrected by the extra voting process • By implementing online self-testing for the voting circuitry (Cazeaux et al 2004;Metra et al 1997) • Using an I DDQ checkable voters (ICVs) (Bogliolo et al 2000): under fault-free conditions, ICVs work as traditional CMOS voters; however, they cause quiescent supply currents (IDDQs) 3 in the presence of maskable stuck-at faults (see Sect. 5.3.1).…”

Majority Logic

“…Alternatively, the circuit shown in Figure 5, for instance, can be used (6). Other possible electrical implementations of MLBs for TMR systems ( Figure 6 and Figure 7) were proposed in (7,8). Different from the conventional MLB re-alizations considered up to now, these MLBs produce an output error message in case of internal faults that make them give an incorrect majority output datum value.…”

“…Electrical implementation of the majority logic block giving an output error message in case of internal faults affecting its correct operation proposed in(7).…”