Communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and bacteria in the rhizosphere of Caragana korshinkii and Hippophae rhamnoides in Zhifanggou watershed

Abstract

The process of ecological restoration and reconstruction in Zhifanggou watershed forms a special ecosystem on the Loess Plateau. Little is known about the communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and bacteria in this ecosystem. The aim of this study was to analyze the communities of AMF and bacteria, and their relationship in the rhizosphere of Caragana korshinkii and Hippophae rhamnoides in Zhifanggou watershed. Soil samples were collected from Zhifanggou watershed. The communities of AMF and bacteria were analyzed by using nested PCR of rDNA fragments and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Diversity analysis revealed that the bacterial Shannon diversity index was higher than that of AMF, and the AMF and bacterial Shannon diversity index in the rhizosphere of H. rhamnoides was higher than that of C. korshinkii. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that host plant had a significant influence on the bacterial community structure, but no strict specificity with AMF. Correlation analysis showed that the AMF communities had a significant positive correlation with the bacterial communities, and that indicated a significant effect of AMF on bacteria.

Effects of long-term fertilization on AM fungal community structure and Glomalin-related soil protein in the Loess Plateau of China

“…Habitat types may play a vital role in the variation of taxon richness and composition between particular ecosystems, ranging up to about 18.2 fungal taxa per plant species in tropical forests, but only 5.2 in arable fields and polluted sites (Öpik et al 2006). Although the richness of AMF seems much higher (up to 25) in the rhizosphere of C. korshinkii and Hippophae rhamnoides in Zhifanggou watershed, which forms a special ecosystem on the Loess Plateau (Zhang et al 2010); the results were obtained through analyzing DGGE banding pattern, with no details of the community composition and AM fungi diversity in their study site.…”

Phylogenetic reference data for systematics and phylotaxonomy of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi from phylum to species level

“…, 2008) that amplify fragments of c. 500–800 bp have been widely applied in ecological studies (Öpik et al. , 2008; Zhang et al. , 2010).…”

“…Several SSU-targeting PCR primers (e.g. Simon et al, 1992;Helgason et al, 1998;Lee et al, 2008) that amplify fragments of c. 500-800 bp have been widely applied in ecological studies (Ö pik et al, 2008;Zhang et al, 2010). However, in SSU data sets, one phylotype (often defined by a 97% sequence similarity level) may represent different species and, conversely, different phylotypes may indeed belong to just one species.…”

Advances in Molecular Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (Phylum Glomeromycota) in Forest Ecosystems

“…Nevertheless, an advantage for the use of primer pair AM1/NS31 is the relatively large amounts of DNA sequence information derived from this primer pair available. A subsequent study (Zhang et al, 2010) was aimed the variable V3-V4 region of the 18S rDNA of AMF gene, by using nested PCR in three steps: (1) first round PCR, using primers GeoA2 and Geo11 (Schwarzott and Schüssler, 2001); (2) second round, using primers above-mentioned AM1/ NS31-GC; and (3) third round using NS31-GC/Glol. In that study, the AMF community from rhizosphere of two shrubs species was investigated and the species richness ranged from 17 to 25 AMF species.…”