Commercial Production of Wheat Grain Irrigated with Municipal Waste Water and Pump Water

Day, A. D.; McFadyen, John; Tucker, T. C.; Cluff, C. B.

doi:10.2134/jeq1979.00472425000800030027x

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…The considerably higher total nitrogen content in the sewage effluent (28.1 mg L -1 ) than in the groundwater (1.4 mg L -1 ) could explain the higher nitrogen uptake of crops irrigated by the sewage effluent (Table 5). Our results for the effects of sewage application on crop nitrogen uptake are consistent with those of Day et al (1979), who found that N recovery in plants with wastewater was higher than the N recovery in plants material grown with groundwater.…”

Section: Nitrogen Uptakesupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of Chlorination on Soil Chemical Properties and Nitrogen Uptake for Tomato Drip Irrigated with Secondary Sewage Effluent

Zhang

2014

Journal of Integrative Agriculture

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Chlorination is usually an economical method for treating clogging in drip emitters during sewage application. Appropriate assessment of the responses of soil and crop is essential for determining an optimal chlorination scheme. During 2008 to 2009, field experiments were conducted in a solar-heated greenhouse for tomato drip irrigated with secondary sewage effluent, to investigate the influences of chlorine injection intervals and levels on soil chemical properties and nitrogen uptake. Injection intervals ranging from two-eight weeks and injection concentrations ranging from 2-50 mg L-1 were used. A salinity factor and a nutrient factor were extracted from the pool of the nine soil chemical constituents using factor analysis method. The results demonstrated that chlorination practices increased the residual chloride in the soil, resulting in an increased salinity factor, especially for the frequent chlorination at a high injection concentration. Chlorination weakened the accumulation of nutrients factor in the upper soil layer. Nitrogen uptake of the tomato plants also was inhibited by the increased salinity in the upper soil layer caused by high chlorination levels. In order to reduce the unfavorable effect on soil chemical properties and nitrogen uptake, chlorination scheme with concentrations of lower than 20 mg L-1 was recommended.

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Section: Nitrogen Uptakesupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of Chlorination on Soil Chemical Properties and Nitrogen Uptake for Tomato Drip Irrigated with Secondary Sewage Effluent

Zhang

2014

Journal of Integrative Agriculture

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“…Irrigation plays a vital role for its good growth and development (Razzaque et al, 1992). Some agronomic information regarding the feasibility and potential benefits of irrigation by wastewater on some crops and cultivable soils are available (Day et al, 1979;Bielorai et al, 1984;Chakrabarti andChakrabarti, 1988 &. However, these studies were done in climates and under irrigation by wastewater that were of different nature than that in Bangladesh.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Municipal Wastewater Irrigation on Yield and Fertilizer Requirement of Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) in Bangladesh

2016

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Due to increasing scarcity of fresh water, use of unconventional water source (e.g., wastewater) in irrigation has now become important. However, inclusive information on the effects of wastewater on crop production and soil health is necessary for such intervention. This study was designed to evaluate these effects by demonstrating the contribution of municipal wastewater (hereafter called wastewater) on yield and nutrient requirement of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv Shatabdi. Five irrigation treatments  I 1 , I 2 , I 3 , I 4 and I 5 were tested in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications during NovemberMarch of 20072008, 20082009, 20092010 at the experimental field of the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The treatments I 2 I 5 consisted of blended wastewater and I 1 of fresh water (control). The ratio of wastewater to total irrigation water was 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.0 in I 2 , I 3 , I 4 and I 5 , respectively. Wheat was cultivated with three irrigations and recommended doses of fertilizer in three consecutive years. Wastewater contained nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) @ 17.5, 3.7 and 10.3 mg/L, respectively, and irrigation by raw wastewater (I 5 ) contributed 19.1, 15.1 and 21.7% of the recommended N, P and K, respectively. Biomass yield increased with increasing fraction of wastewater in irrigation. Grain yield increased for the wastewater fraction of 0.50  0.75 in irrigation but decreased when irrigation was applied by raw wastewater. Excess fertilizer (under I 5 ) boosted up growth of wheat, but did not contribute to the grain yield. Number of grains per spike; and grain, straw and biological yields significantly (p = 0.05) increased due to the contribution of wastewater. Wastewater significantly improved grain and biomass production, with the largest value obtained in I 4 (4.61 t/ha grain yield and 11.36 t/ha biomass yield). Raw wastewater in combination with recommended fertilizer doses caused over-fertilization that contributed only in biomass production but not in grain production of wheat and irrigation by wastewater substantially reduced fertilizer requirement of wheat.

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“…Baraman [7] observed adverse effects of sewage irrigation on growth and yield of pulses and oil seeds. In contrast, sewage irrigation improved the yield of several crops [8][9][10]. Sewage irrigation supported the population of N-fixers such as Azotobacter, Rhizobium and fungi involved in organic matter decomposition [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peri-Urban Vertisol Properties as Influenced by Sewage and Bore Well Water Irrigation to Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

SL¹

2014

J Civil Environ Eng

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Field experiment was conducted in farmer's field near Agricultural Research Station, Dharwad, Karnataka State, India which was on the bank domestic sewage course in split plot design with three replications. Main plots included two types of lands (land irrigated with sewage water since 1970 and land irrigated with bore well water since 1992). Sub plots allotted with sources of irrigation consisted of sewage alone, bore well water alone (good water) and alternate sewage and bore well water. Analysis of sewage water for major and minor plant nutrients content revealed its potential as source of nutrients and water for crop growth. The soil physical properties especially bulk density and moisture holding capacity was improved significantly in sewage land over bore well irrigated land. Yield of wheat crop was positively correlated with these soil properties. There was reduction in soil pH in sewage land (7.24) over bore well irrigated land (7.65). The sewage irrigated land recorded significantly more bacterial and fungal colonies, dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase enzymes activities in soil. Sources of irrigation also differed significantly producing the highest microbial colonies, phosphatase and dehydrogenase enzymes activity in sewage water irrigation treatment followed by alternate irrigation as sewage water is good source of organic phosphorus (11.9-17.3 ppm). Irrigation with sewage water improved the performance of wheat crop as evidenced by higher grain yield (4100 kg ha-1), protein content in grains (12.8%), and dry gluten (8.9%) compared to bore well water irrigation. Characterization of domestic sewage effluent showed that it can be used as source of irrigation water and top dressing nutrients.

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Commercial Production of Wheat Grain Irrigated with Municipal Waste Water and Pump Water

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Chlorination on Soil Chemical Properties and Nitrogen Uptake for Tomato Drip Irrigated with Secondary Sewage Effluent

Effects of Chlorination on Soil Chemical Properties and Nitrogen Uptake for Tomato Drip Irrigated with Secondary Sewage Effluent

Effects of Municipal Wastewater Irrigation on Yield and Fertilizer Requirement of Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) in Bangladesh

Peri-Urban Vertisol Properties as Influenced by Sewage and Bore Well Water Irrigation to Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

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