Commentary: Inner retinal excavation in torpedo maculopathy and proposed type 3 lesions in optical coherence tomography

Tripathy, Koushik; Sarma, Barsha; Mazumdar, Shahana

doi:10.4103/ijo.ijo_656_18

Cited by 19 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Additional features described by Wong et al, [8] such as the presence of subretinal cavitation, have helped in classifying torpedo lesions into types 1 and 2. Focal retinal and choroidal excavation in torpedo lesions were described as type 3 OCT findings by Tripathy et al [9] Similar OCT features were noted for lesions lying outside the macula in the present series. No subretinal cavitation/cleft or focal excavation of the retina and/or choroid was noted in eyes in which the torpedo lesions were present outside the macula.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Torpedo Retinopathy

Venkatesh

Jain

Pereira

et al. 2020

JOVR

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Purpose: Torpedo lesions in the retina are rare. This study aimed to investigate torpedoshaped lesions in the retina in an adult population and to determine the spectrum and features of the disease. Methods: The review of a database for clinical diagnosis identified nine patients who were diagnosed with torpedo-shaped lesions in the retina between June 2017 and February 2019. Fundus photography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging were used to analyze the cases. Multicolor imaging was also performed. Results: Nine patients with torpedo-shaped lesions in the fundus were identified. Fundus images revealed that the lesion involved the macula in six eyes; in the remaining three eyes, the lesion was present outside the macula. OCT identified six patients with type 1 torpedo lesions, one with type 2, and two with type 3. On multicolor imaging, the lesion was visualized as a region of increased reflectance in blue, green, and infrared light in all eyes, with notably increased infrared reflectance in eyes with focal choroidal excavation. Choroidal neovascular membrane was evident in one patient on OCT angiography. Conclusion: Torpedo lesions in the retina can occur away from the macula and exhibit features similar to those of torpedo maculopathy. As such, the authors propose a change in the nomenclature for torpedo lesions in the retina from “torpedo maculopathy” to “torpedo retinopathy.”

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Torpedo Retinopathy

Venkatesh

Jain

Pereira

et al. 2020

JOVR

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“…Based on the OCT classification by Wong et al, 5 recently expanded by Tripathy et al, 6 torpedo maculopathy can be categorized into 3 types. Type 1 involves outer retinal attenuation without cavitation, while type 2 involves both outer retinal attenuation and outer retinal cavitation with or without inner choroidal excavation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 4 Wong et al 5 described two morphologic phenotypes into which torpedo maculopathy lesions can be divided based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging: type 1, lesions demonstrating outer retinal attenuation without cavitation, and type 2, lesions exhibiting outer retinal attenuation and cavitation with or without inner choroidal excavation. Tripathy et al 6 recently expanded the classification system in 2018, adding a case in which choroidal excavation was accompanied by degeneration of the outer retina and a subretinal cleft; they proposed such a phenotype be labeled as type 3. Since Wong et al‘s report the majority of subsequent case reports have adopted this general categorization system, 7 , 8 , 9 but it is not clear whether this system is exhaustive in describing the spectrum of possible OCT morphologies inherent to this clinical entity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel phenotype of torpedo maculopathy on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography

Light¹,

Liu²

2020

American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports

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Purpose To present a new phenotype of torpedo maculopathy on spectral domain optical coherence tomography imaging (SD-OCT). Observations A 31-year-old female presented with a multi-partite yellowish lesion in the macula of her left eye, with a central fovea-involving component and a temporal tail-like component. The lesion showed mixed hyper- and hypoautofluorescence on fundus autofluorescence imaging. The fovea-involving component exhibited disruption of ellipsoid zone without outer-retinal cavitation on SD-OCT, consistent with the prior-described type 1 OCT morphology. The temporal tail showed subtle inner choroidal excavation with preservation of the ellipsoid zone and outer-retinal structures. Conclusions Inner choroidal excavation with preservation of the overlying outer-retinal structures represents a novel morphological phenotype on SD-OCT in torpedo maculopathy. This case demonstrates that distinct morphological subtypes may co-exist in different regions of the same torpedo maculopathy lesion.

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“…2) Type 2 – with presence of attenuated outer retinal structures and outer retinal cavitation with/without inner choroidal degeneration. [5] Recently, Tripathy et al proposed a new third type of TM on OCT.[6] These include cases with excavated TM, retinal thinning, inner retinal hyper-reflective spaces, and no subretinal cleft. These three types of OCT findings represent the different levels of involvement of the same disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multicolor imaging findings in torpedo maculopathy

Venkatesh

Bavaharan

Yadav

2019

Indian J Ophthalmol

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We describe the multicolor imaging findings in two cases of Torpedo maculopathy (TM). Multicolor imaging can be a useful tool in identifying the level of retinal and choroidal layer involvement in TM. This imaging modality further confirms the hypothesis that TM is a localized congenital abnormality of retinal pigment epithelium pigmentation which leads to outer retinal and inner choroidal degeneration.

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Commentary: Inner retinal excavation in torpedo maculopathy and proposed type 3 lesions in optical coherence tomography

Cited by 19 publications

References 8 publications

Torpedo Retinopathy

Torpedo Retinopathy

A novel phenotype of torpedo maculopathy on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography

Multicolor imaging findings in torpedo maculopathy

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