Combination of Somaclonal Variation and Mutagenesis for Crop Improvement

ABSTRACT Bacterial wilt and fruit cracking are serious problems in tomatoes cultivation in the lowland area. This research aimed to evaluate the yield of M4 generation of tomatoes in the field and the incidence of bacterial wilt disease and fruit cracking in low altitude. The research was conducted at the IPB Experimental Field in Leuwikopo, Dramaga, Bogor, from December 2015 to April 2016. The experiment used a randomized complete block design with three replications. The material consisted of 15 M4 genotypes and two controls (Berlian and Kefaminano 6). The results showed that genotype of M4/495 Lombok 1-9-2 (U2) has high productivity. Genotype M4/990 Lombok 1-5-1 (U1) has high weight per fruit and resistant to fruit cracking. Genotype M4/495 GL2-8-10 (U2), M4/495 Kemir 1- 4-7 (U3), M4/495 STBGL 1-2-3 (U1) M4/990 Lombok 1-5-1 (U1), and M4/495 STBGL 1-2-9 (U1) have the lowest incidence of bacterial wilt (0.00%). Two genotypes which have high productivity and resistant to fruit cracking are M4/495 Lombok 1-9-2 (U2) and M4/990 Lombok 1-5-1 (U1), and to be evaluated in a preliminary yield trial. Keywords: bacterial wilt, fruit cracking, genotype, yield

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“…Mutasi gen disebut juga mutasi titik. Mutasi ini terjadi karena perubahan urutan basa nukleotida (Lestari, 2012).…”

Section: Agustus 2018unclassified

Evaluasi Genotipe Tomat Hasil Iradiasi Sinar Gamma di Dataran Rendah

Romadhon

Sutjahjo²,

Marwiyah³

2018

J Agron Indonesia

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“…Mutagen fisik adalah radiasi ion yang meliputi sinar X, sinar gama, neutron, partikel beta, partikel alfa, dan proton. Sinar gama sangat luas digunakan dalam pemuliaan tanaman (Lestari, 2012). Radiasi ion mengakibatkan mutasi, yakni merombak/memecah rantai kimia pada molekul DNA, delesi ikatan nukleotida, atau terjadinya subsitusi ikatan nukleotida.…”

Section: Provinsiunclassified

Pemuliaan Mutasi untuk Perbaikan terhadap Umur dan Produktivitas pada Kedelai

Asadi

2016

J. AgroBiogen

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To support the government policy in improving soybean production, it is suggested to plant early maturing (<80 days), drought tolerant and high yielding varieties to be applied in the cropping system of rice-ricesoybean and rice-rice-rice-soybean in lowland, and in dryland cropping system of rice-soybean or rice-other palawija crops. Mutation breeding in soybean for early maturity and high productivity in soybean can be applied to obtain some new varieties. The breeding procedures included selection using bulk method for M1 population, followed by the pedigree method for M2-M5 generations. Evaluation of uniformity (homozygous) of lines is done on the M4 generation. Yield and adaption testing are conducted during M5-M8 generations. Through mutation breeding early maturity soybean varieties were released elsewhere. In national research institutes such as The National Nuclear Energy Agency (Batan) Indonesia, soybean mutation breeding activities were begun since 1972, while in Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD), it was started in 2009. Batan has released two early maturing soybean varieties through seed irradiation such as Tengger in 1991 and Meratus in 1998. While in 2011 ICABIOGRAD through irradiation of calli-derived embryo zygotic has selected 50 early maturing and potentially yielding soybean mutant lines. While through seed irradiation in 2012, 15 soybean advanced lines that matured earlier and demontrated higher yield were also obtained.

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“…Tidak tampak perubahan arsitektur tanaman pada tanaman hasil mutasi yang dievaluasi, seperti batang kokoh, warna daun serta daun bendera tegak. Perakitan varietas unggul melalui mutasi menggunakan sinar gamma mempunyai keunggulan antara lain tidak mengubah karakter agronomi unggul yang ada, yang mengalami perubahan hanya sifat tertentu saja (Human, 2003;Lestari, 2012;Mugiono, 2005). Hal ini sangat menguntungkan karena peluang untuk mendapatkan galur yang homozigot menjadi lebih cepat dibanding dengan menggunakan persilangan secara konvensional (Jain, 2010).…”

Section: Evaluasi Karakter Agronomi Pada 40 Galur Mutan Padi Hasil Inunclassified

Seleksi Galur Mutan Padi Fatmawati Tahan terhadap Penyakit Blas dan Evaluasi Karakter Agronomi di Rumah Kaca dan di Lahan Sawah

Lestari¹,

Dewi²,

Yunita³

2016

BPN

Self Cite

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Fatmawati, a rice variety released in 2003, is a new plant type (NPT) of rice that had different characteristic from existing high yielding rice varieties (HYV). The yield potential of this rice variety is 7.5 t/ha. Therefore its cultivated is expected to increase national rice production. However, the dissemination of this variety was hampered in several regions due to its susceptibility to blast disease and high percentage of empty grain caused by partially exserted and enclosed panicle. This research was conducted to evaluate 104 dihaploid mutant lines of Fatmawati for resistance to blast disease and good agronomic characters, especially for panicle exsertion rate. The first research was conducted in the endemic area of blast disease at Cikembar-Sukabumi, West Java. The blast disease resistance lines were then subsequently evaluated for their agronomic characters by planting in the green house and in the field. The results indicated that 40 dihaploid mutant lines were characterized as resistant and moderately resistant to blast (score 3-5). Agronomic characters evaluation in the green house and in the field resulted in 11 dihaploid mutant lines with well exerted panicle (0% of coverage of panicle by flagleaf sheath) and high grains per panicle (229-283 grains/panicle). Those lines were F99, F102, F116, F122, F130, F134, F138, F147, F149, F150, and F153.Keywords: blast, dihaploid, mutant, new plant type of rice. ABSTRAKFatmawati, varietas padi yang dilepas tahun 2003, adalah padi tipe baru (PTB) yang mempunyai karakteristik berbeda dari varietas padi unggul baru (VUB). Potensi hasil varietas padi ini adalah 7,5 t/ha. Penanaman varietas ini diharapkan akan meningkatkan produksi padi nasional. Namun, diseminasi varietas ini di beberapa tempat mengalami hambatan karena kerentanannya terhadap penyakit blas dan tingginya persentase gabah hampa akibat setengah tertutupnya atau tertutup semuanya malai oleh pelepah daun bendera. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi 104 galur mutan dihaploid turunan Fatmawati terhadap ketahanan blas dan karakter agronomi, khususnya laju keluarnya malai. Penelitian pertama dilakukan di daerah endemik penyakit blas di CikembarSukabumi, Jawa Barat. Galur-galur yang tahan blas kemudian dievaluasi karakter agronominya dengan menanam di rumah kaca dan lapang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 40 galur mutan dihaploid dikategorikan sebagai tahan dan agak tahan penyakit blas (skor 3-5). Evaluasi karakter agronomi di rumah kaca dan lapang menghasilkan 11 galur mutan dihaploid yang malainya sempurna keluar (0% penutupan malai oleh pelepah daun bendera) dan jumlah gabah/malai tinggi (229-283 gabah/malai). Galur mutan dihaploid tersebut adalah galur F99, F102, F116, F122, F130, F134, F138, F147, F149, F150, dan F153.Kata kunci: blas, dihaploid, mutan, padi tipe baru.

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Combination of Somaclonal Variation and Mutagenesis for Crop Improvement

Cited by 10 publications

References 32 publications

Evaluasi Genotipe Tomat Hasil Iradiasi Sinar Gamma di Dataran Rendah

Evaluasi Genotipe Tomat Hasil Iradiasi Sinar Gamma di Dataran Rendah

Pemuliaan Mutasi untuk Perbaikan terhadap Umur dan Produktivitas pada Kedelai

Seleksi Galur Mutan Padi Fatmawati Tahan terhadap Penyakit Blas dan Evaluasi Karakter Agronomi di Rumah Kaca dan di Lahan Sawah

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