Combination of Silver Nanoparticles and Vancomycin to Overcome Antibiotic Resistance in Planktonic/Biofilm Cell from Clinical and Animal Source

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and biofilm-forming pathogens from animal source compared to clinical ones. In addition, to assess the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) alone and/or mixed with vancomycin. Out of 62 bacterial isolates from animal respiratory tract infection (RTI), 50.00% were defined as MDR, while among human ones, 44.00% were MDR. The bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Streptococcus pneumoniae were the predominant isolated bacteria from both animal and human origin with frequency percentage of 50.00, 22.32, and 18.75, respectively. Among Staph. aureus strains, mecA gene was detected in 60.00% and 61.54% of animal and human isolates, respectively, while mec ALGA251 (mecC) gene was detected in 13.33% and 15.38% of animal and human isolates, respectively. Biofilm formation ability among animal isolates was 83.87%, while among human ones was 86.00%. AgNPs were effective in inhibiting planktonic cells with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values (0.625-10 mg/mL), as well as eradicating biofilm with minimal biofilm eradication concentration values (1.25-10 mg/mL). Noticeable low MIC of AgNPs was required for the isolates from animal source (0.625-5 mg/mL) compared to clinical ones (0.625-10 mg/mL). Remarkable reduction in AgNP effective concentration was observed after combination with 1/4 MIC of vancomycin with minimum recorded concentration of 0.08 mg/mL. In conclusion, the prevalence of MDR among RT pathogens was recorded with high ability to produce biofilm and virulence factors from both animal and human pathogens. AgNPs showed strong antibacterial and antibiofilm activity alone and mixed with vancomycin, with up to fourfold reduction of AgNP inhibitory dose.

Inhibition of the Vancomycin Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus in Egypt Using Silver Nanoparticles

“…Characterization of AgNPs was tested by TEM, UV-vis spectroscopy, and DLS. Sizes of AgNPs differ from one study to another [ 25 , 26 ] while the plasmon resonance peak range was nearly similar [ 26 – 28 ].…”

Characterization of biofilm formation, pyocyanin production, and antibiotic resistance mechanisms in drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from children in Egypt

“…Biofilm formation P. Aeruginosa ability is an important process for bacterial colonization for persistence (Vallet et al, 2004), making it a problematic issue especially for patients requiring mechanical ventilation and catheterization (Alnour and Ahmed-Abakur, 2017). Inside those biofilms, bacteria became more resistant and difficult to eradicate than the planktonic ones (Mohamed et al, 2018b(Mohamed et al, , 2020a; therefore, this mode of bacterial growth is strongly linked to various diseases at which many bacterial infections are biofilm-related (Mohamed et al, 2019(Mohamed et al, , 2020c.…”

Well-Orientation Strategy Biosynthesis of Cefuroxime-Silver Nanoantibiotic for Reinforced Biodentine™ and Its Dental Application against Streptococcus mutans

“…In our study, the antibiofilm efficiency in group D significantly displayed the highest efficacy due to the presence of Cefuroxime-ROE-AgNPs in BIOD cement. Mohamed et al [53] confirmed the anti-biofilm activity of AgNPs alone and in combination with antibiotics. Moreover, the adherence of bacteria was considered to be an important step in the infection [41].…”