Combination effect of PectaSol and Doxorubicin on viability, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in DU‐145 and LNCaP prostate cancer cell lines

Abstract

The effect of PectaSol on Dox (Doxorubicin) cytotoxicity in terms of apoptosis and cell cycle changes in PCa (prostate cancer) cell lines (DU-145 and LNCaP) has been investigated. Combination of PectaSol and Dox resulted in a viability of 29.4 and 32.6% (P<0.001) in DU-145 and LNCaP cells. The IC₅₀ values decreased 1.5-fold and 1.3-fold in the DU-145 and LNCaP cells respectively. In the DU-145 cells, combination of PectaSol and Dox resulted in a reduction in p27 gene and protein expression (P<0.001). In LNCaP cells, this combination increased p53, p27 and Bcl-2 expression. Treatment with both drugs in DU-145 cells led to an increase in sub-G₁ arrest (54.6% compared with 12.2% in Dox). In LNCaP cells, combination of the drugs led to an increased in G₂/M arrest (61.7% compared with 53.6% in Dox). Based on these findings, progressive cytotoxicity effect of Dox and PectaSol together rapidly induce cell death in DU-145 through apoptosis and in LNCaP cells through cell cycle arrest (G₂/M arrest).

Pectic-Oligoshaccharides from Apples Induce Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in MDA-MB-231 Cells, a Model of Human Breast Cancer

“…It should be noted that in cell viability assay the whole of sub-G1 and G2/M arrested cells were measured as death cells. These data confirm the outcomes of previous studies on the effects of citrus pectin on sub-G1 arrest in LNCap, DU-145 and PC3 prostate cancer cell lines (Tehranian et al, 2012;Yan et al, 2010). Finally, employing annexin V/PI staining confirmed that pectic acid induced cell death following early and late apoptosis.…”

Synergistic Effects of PectaSol-C Modified Citrus Pectin an Inhibitor of Galectin-3 and Paclitaxel on Apoptosis of Human SKOV-3 Ovarian Cancer Cells

“…Another report showed that use of Pect-MCP as a blocker of cell surface Gal-3 could induce apoptosis in prostate cancer by suppression of MAPK pathway (Yan and Katz, 2010). Moreover, combination of Pect-MCP and chemotherapeutic drugs sensitized prostate cancer cells to antineoplastic drugs by decreasing Bcl-2 expression (Tehranian et al, 2012). Similarly, knockout of Gal-3 expression by RNA interference enhanced cytotoxic effect of Paclitaxel in SKOV-3 cells (Kim et al, 2011).…”

“…One study reported down-regulation of Gal-3 expression in EOC compared to normal ovary (van den Brûle et al, 1994). However, other studies showed significant high levels of Gal-3 in the sera of ovarian cancer patients (Iurisci et al, 2000) and in EOC specimens compared to normal ovarian tissues (Kim et al, 2011).…”

“…It is a highly complex branched polysaccharide rich in galactoside residues (Yan and Katz, 2010). CP is water insoluble and is unable to interact with Gal-3, but MCP is water soluble and acts as a ligand for Gal-3, competing with its association to natural ligands (Platt and Raz, 1992;Inohara and Raz, 1994;Pienta et al, 1995) It was reported that Pect-MCP could induce apoptosis and sensitize prostate cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs (Wang et al, 2010;Tehranian et al, 2012).…”

Lycopene modulates growth and survival associated genes in prostate cancer

“…Whereas, combination treatment with Docetaxel improves the activity of Doxorubicin in PC-3 and DU-145, two hormone resistant prostate cancer cells [22]. Moreover, PectaSol, a modified citrus pectin, potentiates the effect of Doxorubicin in DU-145 and LNCaP prostate cancer cells in culture [23]. However, the potentiating effect of lycopene on these chemotherapeutic agents to inhibit prostate cancer is not well defined.…”