Coma following nonnarcotic drug overdosage

Ai, Arieff; Ea, Friedman

doi:10.1097/00000441-197312000-00002

Cited by 70 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Barbiturates are very commonly abused, and dependence develops readily. 13 14 Physiologic addiction can occur in about one month.14 Barbiturates are the drugs most often used in suicide attempts and in successful suicides both in the United States15' 16 and elsewhere.3' 17 No specific antidote for overdoses of barbiturates is available.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Archaic Barbiturate Hypnotics

Koch‐Weser¹,

Greenblatt²

1974

N Engl J Med

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Archaic Barbiturate Hypnotics

Koch‐Weser¹,

Greenblatt²

1974

N Engl J Med

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“…Drug overdosage accounts for almost 20% of all acute medical admissions in the United Kingdom 1 . Although with conservative management the overall mortality is less than 1%, in patients with grade IV coma 2 despite intensive care, the mortality may be as high as 38% 3 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haemodialysis For Severe Mixed Drug Overdosage

Saltissi

Landels

Pusey

et al. 1982

Int J Clinical Practice

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The use of haemodialysis to successfully treat a potentially fatal mixed overdose of chloral hydrate, phenelzine and chlordiazepoxide is described. The plasma clearance of chloral, measured as trichlorethanol, was 68ml/min, at a blood flow rate of 200ml/min. Despite the advent of charcoal and resin column haemoperfusion, we believe haemodialysis remains a safe, relatively cheap and highly effective means of treatment in such situations. The toxicology and indications for haemodialysis are discussed.

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“…Accidental or intentional intoxification is a serious medical problem in the United States and Europe (Winchester et al 1977;Knepshield et al 1973). In patients with respiratory failure and deep coma from drug overdose, a 38 percent mortality rate has been reported despite application of active drug removal methods, such as forced diuresis, peritoneal dialysis, haemodialysis, and haemoperfusion (Arieff & Friedman 1973;Winchester et al 1977). It is in that group of patients that dialytic methods may play a significant role as an adjunct to expert intensive supportive therapy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Sorbent Suspension Reciprocating Dialyser in the Treatment of Overdose of Paracetamol and Phenobarbitone

Shihab-Eldeen

Peck

Ash

et al. 1988

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

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Poisoning with paracetamol (acetaminophen) and phenobarbitone is a common occurrence in the United States and Europe. The removal efficiency of these drugs by a sorbent suspension reciprocating dialyser (SSRD) has been investigated. The SSRD is a parallel plate dialyser with a reciprocating blood flow and free mobile sorbent suspension composed of charcoal and zeolites. This arrangement provided a system with minimal sorbent saturation. High performance liquid chromatography was used for the quantification of the drugs in aqueous and serum fluids. The in-vitro removal efficiency of the dialyser was studied by dialysing a large volume of the drug in solution for 12 to 16 h. The removal efficiency remained relatively constant up to 10 h of dialysis. The in-vivo dialysis studies were performed using normal dogs. Large doses of the drugs were administered orally or intravenously to achieve high blood levels. The clearance values obtained from these studies were comparable with, or in excess of, the values reported in the literature for conventional dialysers. The major advantage of the SSRD is the ability of the unit to be used for prolonged dialysis and to provide a system with minimal sorbent saturation due to mixing and interchange of sorbent granules next to the membrane surface.

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Coma following nonnarcotic drug overdosage

Cited by 70 publications

References 0 publications

The Archaic Barbiturate Hypnotics

The Archaic Barbiturate Hypnotics

Haemodialysis For Severe Mixed Drug Overdosage

Evaluation of the Sorbent Suspension Reciprocating Dialyser in the Treatment of Overdose of Paracetamol and Phenobarbitone

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