Smoking HB does not reduce the risk of tobacco exposure and it's potentially harmful metabolites on health.
Background: Despite the well-known inverse association between smoking and body weight, there have been conflicting reports on the association between smoking and adipokines such as leptin and adiponectin. Aim: To determine and compare whether tobacco smoking (cigarettes or sheesha) affects circulating levels of adiponectin and/or influences leptin and leptin receptor (sOb-R) concentrationsand free leptin in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. Methods and Subjects: Fasting plasma adiponectin, leptin, sOb-R, glucose, insulin, and lipid profile were determined in 236 subjects grouped as control subjects (n = 53); non-diabetic cigarette smokers (n = 34), non-diabetic sheesha smokers (n = 38), diabetic nonsmokers (n = 75) and diabetic smokers (n = 36). Uni- and multivariate regression analyses were used to determine the associations of these variables with body mass index (BMI) and smoking. Results: When compared to control subjects, smoking cigarettes or sheesha was associated with significantly higher glucose, insulin resistance, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and lower serum leptin, sOb-R and free leptin. The effects of smoking on BMI, leptin and sOb-R were dose-dependent. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that smoking is a significant determinant of BMI; leptin, sOb-R, free leptin index, adiponectin and LDL-C. Conclusions: We conclude that smoking sheesha does not reduce the metabolic effects of smoking. Smoking may modify leptin receptors and modulate leptin synthesis but the weight-lowering effect may not be related to leptin-induced anorectic signals.
following antioxidants before reperfusion: acetyl salicylic acid, ascorbic acid, allopurinol, quercetin or superoxide dismutase. Both testes were excised at 24 h or 3 months. The degree of lipid peroxidation, a measure of free radical damage, was assessed in testicular tissue homogenates by measuring the tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). The Johnsen score was used to assess the morphological damage at 24 h and 3 months for each group. RESULTSAt 3 months twisted viable testes allowed to reperfuse had higher MDA levels than controls; the left testes of rabbits treated with allopurinol had significantly lower MDA levels than untreated rabbits and rabbits given other antioxidants. Rabbits given quercetin, ascorbic acid or superoxide dismutase had lower (but not significantly) left testicular MDA levels than untreated rabbits, while rabbits given acetyl salicylic acid had even higher levels. Allopurinol-treated rabbits had a Johnsen score of >7.6 and those given other antioxidants had scores of <7.6 at 3 months. CONCLUSIONThe twisted viable testis treated by orchidopexy contains high free radical levels at 3 months. Of the antioxidants studied, only allopurinol had a beneficial long-term effect, by significantly reducing testicular MDA levels at 3 months. KEYWORDStesticular torsion, antioxidants, treatment, long-term results. OBJECTIVETo assess the effect of five antioxidants on exocrine function of rabbit testes retained in situ for 24 h and 3 months after experimental torsion. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe left testes of peripubertal rabbits were clamped for 60 min, after which the clamps were removed and the testes allowed to reperfuse. The right testes served as internal controls. There were eight rabbits in each of the following experimental groups: (a) sham; (b) 60-min ischaemia followed by reperfusion; (c) 60-min ischaemia followed by left orchidectomy. In five further groups, rabbits were exposed to 60-min ischaemia followed by reperfusion, but received one of the
Aims:To investigate the hypothesis that circulating resistin reflects the degree of pulmonary inflammation, this study explores putative roles of resistin in patients with acute and stable inflammatory obstructive airway diseases and cigarette smokers.Methods:We determined complements C3, C4, fasting resistin, insulin, glucose and lipid profile; calculated insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) in patients with acute asthma exacerbation (n= 34); stable asthma (n= 26) and stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD;n= 26), cigarette smokers (n= 81), and healthy control subjects (n= 42). We determined the associations between these variables and pulmonary function tests.Results: Patients with COPD, acute and stable asthma had significantly higher resistin and insulin than control subjects. Resistin, insulin, HOMA-IR, FEV1% and FEV1/FVC were significantly (p< 0.05) different between patients with acute asthma compared with stable asthma and COPD; smokers had similar levels of resistin, C3 and C4 as patients with asthma and COPD. In smokers, patientswith asthma or COPD, resistin showed significant inverse correlations with FEV1%; FEV1/FVC% and positive significant correlations with BMI and HOMA-IR. Logistic regression showed that resistin is associated (p< 0.05) with inflammatory obstructive airways disease − odds ratio (OR) = 1.22 and smoking OR = 1.18.Conclusion: Resistin may be a disease activity marker and may contribute to insulin resistance in smokers, asthma and COPD.
This study demonstrates that TUSB is an effective and safe method in significantly relieving the pain associated with outpatient rigid cystoscopy. TUSB may offer urologists and anesthetists an alternative way to achieve pain control besides intraurethral lidocaine jelly during rigid cystoscopy.
Poisoning with paracetamol (acetaminophen) and phenobarbitone is a common occurrence in the United States and Europe. The removal efficiency of these drugs by a sorbent suspension reciprocating dialyser (SSRD) has been investigated. The SSRD is a parallel plate dialyser with a reciprocating blood flow and free mobile sorbent suspension composed of charcoal and zeolites. This arrangement provided a system with minimal sorbent saturation. High performance liquid chromatography was used for the quantification of the drugs in aqueous and serum fluids. The in-vitro removal efficiency of the dialyser was studied by dialysing a large volume of the drug in solution for 12 to 16 h. The removal efficiency remained relatively constant up to 10 h of dialysis. The in-vivo dialysis studies were performed using normal dogs. Large doses of the drugs were administered orally or intravenously to achieve high blood levels. The clearance values obtained from these studies were comparable with, or in excess of, the values reported in the literature for conventional dialysers. The major advantage of the SSRD is the ability of the unit to be used for prolonged dialysis and to provide a system with minimal sorbent saturation due to mixing and interchange of sorbent granules next to the membrane surface.
Thirty-four patients with a probable clinical diagnosis of dysmyelopoietic syndrome (DMPS) were studied to assess the in vitro growth pattern of their hemopoietic progenitors, i.e. burst-forming unit erythroid (BFU-E) and colony-forming unit myeloid (CFU-C) progenitor cells. Twenty-one patients had DMPS confirmed by final diagnosis and were classified according to the French-American-British (FAB) recommendations. Our results indicate that the normal colony growth of hemopoietic progenitors in vitro excludes DMPS and other preleukemic conditions. In addition, within the DMPS group a low number of CFU-C (11 colonies or fewer) was a highly significant indicator for the development of acute leukemia. Analysis of the limited number of cytogenetic results in the DMPS patients did not reach statistical significance in relation to the development of acute leukemia
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.