Coherent Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves From Two-Layer Rough Surfaces Within the Kirchhoff Regime

Tabatabaeenejad, Alireza; Duan, Xueyang; Moghaddam, Mahta

doi:10.1109/tgrs.2012.2229391

Cited by 33 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Accordingly the incident magnetic field can be expressed as H inc (r) = ∇ × E inc (r) iωμ where ∇ is the Hamilton operator and μ is the permeability in free space. By PO theory [3], the surface current J (0) (r i ) at point r i induced by incident tapered wave can be written as…”

Section: Solution Of Induced Current In Ipo Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a whole, methods in studying the rough surface scattering can be categorized into two groups, including analytical methods and numerical methods. The analytical methods are based on approximation techniques, among which the small perturbation method (SPM) [1], the Kirchhoff approximation (KA) [2,3], and the small-slope approximation (SSA) [4] are of the most widely used. However, although these methods have the highest computational efficiency, they are restricted in domain of validity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, although these methods have the highest computational efficiency, they are restricted in domain of validity. For example, the KA [3], which is also referred to as the physical optics (PO) method, requires that every point on the rough surface have a large radius of curvature relative to the incident wavelength. In the other hand some numerical approaches, such as the method of moments (MOM) [5], the finite difference time-domain (FDTD) method [6], the finite element method (FEM) [7], and some fast algorithms based on them are also applied to the problem of EM scattering from rough surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electromagnetic Scattering From 1-D Sea Surface With Large Windspeed by Using Iterative Physical Optics Algorithm

Li¹,

Li²,

Guo³

2017

PIER M

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Abstract-In the paper, the electromagnetic scattering (EM) from a one-dimensional (1-D) perfectly electric conducting (PEC) randomly rough sea surface with large windspeed is investigated by the iterative physical optics (IPO) algorithm. In this method the multiple coupling interactions among points on sea surface are considered. To improve computational efficiency, the local coupling technique is adopted to accelerate the iterative process. In numerical results, the EM scattering by 1-D sea surface for different polarizations is calculated and compared with that by the conventional method of moments (MOM), as well as the computing time and memory requirements. In addition, the influence of some parameters on the scattering of sea surface are investigated and discussed in detail, such as the threshold of coupling distance, iteration numbers, and windspeed.

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Section: Solution Of Induced Current In Ipo Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electromagnetic Scattering From 1-D Sea Surface With Large Windspeed by Using Iterative Physical Optics Algorithm

Li¹,

Li²,

Guo³

2017

PIER M

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“…Starting from the KA for calculating the scattered field, the scalar Kirchhoff approximation [39], also called zero-order KA [40], is an alternative to the GO model. This approximation is valid for calculating the scattered field around nadir for slightly rough surfaces.…”

Section: Ska Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The term 1 ℎ1 is sometimes referred to as the Rayleigh roughness parameter, which accounts for the attenuation of the field amplitude due to the interface roughness. The extension to the calculation of the secondorder contribution leads to an attenuation of [39,40] exp (−2 2 2 ℎ2…”

Section: Ska Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves in Layered Media: An Up-to-Date Perspective

Imperatore

Iodice

Pastorino

et al. 2017

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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This paper addresses the subject of electromagnetic wave scattering in layered media, thus covering the recent progress achieved with different approaches. Existing theories and models are analyzed, classified, and summarized on the basis of their characteristics. Emphasis is placed on both theoretical and practical application. Finally, patterns and trends in the current literature are identified and critically discussed.

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Characterizing near‐surface firn using the scattered signal component of the glacier surface return from airborne radio‐echo sounding

Rutishauser

Grima

Sharp

et al. 2016

Geophysical Research Letters

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We derive the scattered component (hereafter referred to as the incoherent component) of glacier surface echoes from airborne radio‐echo sounding measurements over Devon Ice Cap, Arctic Canada, and compare the scattering distribution to firn stratigraphy observations from ground‐based radar data. Low scattering correlates to laterally homogeneous firn above 1800 m elevation containing thin, flat, and continuous ice layers and below 1200 m elevation where firn predominantly consists of ice. Increased scattering between elevations of 1200–1800 m corresponds to firn with inhomogeneous, undulating ice layers. No correlation was found to surface roughness and its theoretical incoherent backscattering values. This indicates that the scattering component is mainly influenced by the near‐surface firn stratigraphy, whereas surface roughness effects are minor. Our results suggest that analyzing the scattered signal component of glacier surface echoes is a promising approach to characterize the spatial heterogeneity of firn that is affected by melting and refreezing processes.

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Coherent Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves From Two-Layer Rough Surfaces Within the Kirchhoff Regime

Cited by 33 publications

References 22 publications

Electromagnetic Scattering From 1-D Sea Surface With Large Windspeed by Using Iterative Physical Optics Algorithm

Electromagnetic Scattering From 1-D Sea Surface With Large Windspeed by Using Iterative Physical Optics Algorithm

Modelling Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves in Layered Media: An Up-to-Date Perspective

Characterizing near‐surface firn using the scattered signal component of the glacier surface return from airborne radio‐echo sounding

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