Cognitive patterns and depression: Study of a Japanese university student population

Tanaka, Nao; Uji, Masayo; Hiramura, Hidetoshi; Chen, Zi; Shikai, Noriko; Kitamura, Toshinori

doi:10.1111/j.1440-1819.2006.01514.x

Cited by 30 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Although the CES-D has been used primarily to assess depression in the United States, it has also been utilized in China (e.g., Cheng & Chan, 2005), Italy (e.g., De Gennaro et al, 2004), the Netherlands (e.g., Sonnenberg, 2003;Spijker, 2004), Japan (e.g., Nakata et al, 2007;Tanaka, 2006;Wada, 2007), Canada (e.g., Cameron et al, 2006Gatz, 2005), Australia (e.g., Alati et al, 2007;Almeida & Pfaff, 2005), and England (e.g., Sainz & Rey, 2007). Recently, Zhang and Norvilitis (2002) pointed out that this Western-developed instrument has been increasingly applied to the previously understudied populations in China and the reliability of the full CES-D has been demonstrated in a wide variety of samples with estimates of internal consistency ranging from .8 to .9 and test-retest reliabilities ranging from .4 to .7 (Devins et al, 1988).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Cultural Influences on Depression by Analyzing a Measure of Its Constituent Symptoms

Lu¹,

Bond²,

Friedman³

et al. 2010

IJPS

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To examine the different understandings of depression between Chinese and Americans, we employed confirmatory factor analysis, multidimensional scaling, and hierarchical cluster analysis of the symptom measure provided by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D). The present study revealed a different center-periphery scatter pattern of the twenty items of the CES-D in the two cultural groups, such that Chinese made a clearer discrimination between the affective/interpersonal and somatic items, while Americans conflated such items. Moreover, Chinese tended to further separate somatic symptoms into two subdivisions: subjective symptoms and objective symptoms. These results demonstrate that the conceptual organization of the symptoms characterizing depression is culture-related, suggesting culturally appropriate modifications in its clinical practice.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Cultural Influences on Depression by Analyzing a Measure of Its Constituent Symptoms

Lu¹,

Bond²,

Friedman³

et al. 2010

IJPS

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“…Cognitions play an important role in theories about the development and treatment of anxiety disorders [21]. Often activated by negative and stressful life events, negative automatic thoughts are often repetitive and intrusive, which play a key role in precipitating psychopathology [54]. Negative automatic thoughts are specific in content and unique to different psychological disorders [55], such as depression [56] and anxiety [35].…”

Section: Automatic Thought In Cognitive-behavioral Therapy (Cbt)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between negative and positive cognition and psychopathological states in adults aged 18 to 20

Alsaleh

Lebreuilly

et al. 2016

Journal de Thérapie Comportementale et Cognitive

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SummaryWe have examined the relationships between positive and negative thinking and depression and anxiety. A total of 102 students have participated in this study. The Negative Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire and Positive Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire were used to evaluate negative and positive thoughts, respectively. The Beck Depression Inventory and the Beck Anxiety Inventory were used to assess psychopathological states. Depression was correlated with negative thinking (r = 0.77; P < 0.01) and gender (r = 0.13; P < 0.05), and inversely correlated with positive thinking (r = −0.45; P < 0.01). Multiple linear regressions showed that both negative and positive thinking affected depression (F = 148.04 and F = 13.86, respectively; P < 0.01). Anxiety was correlated with negative thinking (r = 0.62; P < 0.01), and inversely correlated with positive thinking (r = −0.31; P < 0.01) and gender (r = −0.11; P < 0.05). Depressed, non-anxious participants had higher negative thinking scores (P < 0.05) than non-depressed, non-anxious subjects who had lower positive thinking scores (P < 0.05) than non-depressed, nonanxious ones. Depression and anxiety were explained by negative thinking more than positive thinking. A decrease in depression and anxiety could be linked to a decrease in negative * Corresponding author. MOTS CLÉSCognition ; Pensées négatives ; Pensée positive ; État psychopathologique ; Dépression ; Anxiété ; Thérapies comportementales et cognitives Résumé La dépression se caractérise par la présence de pensées négatives, sur soi, sur le monde et sur l'avenir, ce que Beck a appelé la triade cognitive. Les pensées automatiques négatives sont supposées jouer un rôle central dans le développement et la persistance de la dépression (Hollon et Kendall, 1980) et de l'anxiété (Hollon et Kendall, 1980 Sanne et al., 2012). Cependant, le rôle des pensées positives dans la dépression et l'anxiété n'est pas très évident. Notre étude a pour but d'examiner le rôle des auto-déclarations négatives et positives sur le niveau d'anxiété et de dépression des étudiants. Notre échantillon se compose de 102 étudiants âgés de 18 à 20 ans, déprimés, non déprimés, anxieux et non anxieux. Les résultats de l'étude nous ont permis de mettre en évidence deux types de pensées liés aux troubles psychologiques. Premièrement, les pensées automatiques négatives sont fortement activées chez les étudiants déprimés, alors qu'elles le sont beaucoup moins chez les étudiants non déprimés. Deuxièmement, à l'inverse ce sont les pensées automatiques positives qui sont plus activées chez les étudiants non déprimés par comparaison avec les étudiants déprimés. Dans notre étude, la pensée négative est positivement corrélée avec la dépression et l'anxiété (p < 0,01). Cependant, la pensée positive est négativement corrélée avec la dépression et l'anxiété (p < 0,01). Les résultats de la régression multiple linéaire montrent que les pensées négatives et positives ont contribué de manière significative (p < 0,001) à expliquer la variance dans la dépression....

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“…Compared with other countries, such as those in East Asia and Europe, the CES‐D score of Japanese youths is generally higher. In previous studies, the mean score of Japanese college and university students was around 17 . Kawada et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The two-proportion z-test was used to compare the percentage of the subjects who had each somatic complaint among the non-depressed group, the mildly depressed group (CES-D score [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25], and the severely depressed group (CES-D score ≥26). Two hierarchical logistic regressions were conducted to assess whether examination-related stressors were associated with depression after controlling for SOC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between depression, examination‐related stressors, and sense of coherence: The ronin‐sei study

Koyama

Matsushita

Ushijima

et al. 2014

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Aims:In the Japanese education system, students who fail university entrance exam often go to special preparatory schools to prepare for the following year's exam. These students are called ronin-sei. The purpose of this study was to clarify: (i) depression and somatic complaints in ronin-sei; and (ii) the association between depression, examination-related stressors, and sense of coherence (SOC).Methods: A total of 914 ronin-sei from two preparatory schools were asked to answer a self-rating questionnaire. Depression was measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and SOC was measured using the SOC-13 Scale.Results: Overall, 57.9% of subjects were considered to have depression (CES-D ≥ 16) and 19.8% had severe depression (CES-D ≥ 26). Higher CES-D scores were associated with a higher rate of somatic complaints. In hierarchical logistic regression analysis, having no one to talk to about his/her worries and having parents who disagree about the first-choice of university and faculty were independent risk factors for depression and severe depression, respectively, even after controlling for SOC.Conclusions: Preparatory school students have various somatic complaints, and their depression is in part related to examination-related stressors. To maintain mental health, it is important to enhance SOC, to understand their examination-related stressors and to provide adequate support for these students.

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Cognitive patterns and depression: Study of a Japanese university student population

Cited by 30 publications

References 71 publications

Understanding Cultural Influences on Depression by Analyzing a Measure of Its Constituent Symptoms

Understanding Cultural Influences on Depression by Analyzing a Measure of Its Constituent Symptoms

The relationship between negative and positive cognition and psychopathological states in adults aged 18 to 20

Association between depression, examination‐related stressors, and sense of coherence: The ronin‐sei study

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