Cognitive and physiological responses in humans exposed to a TETRA base station signal in relation to perceived electromagnetic hypersensitivity

Wallace, Denise; Eltiti, Stacy; Ridgewell, Anna; Garner, Kelly; Russo, Riccardo; Sepúlveda, Francisco; Walker, S.D.; Quinlan, Terence; Dudley, Sandra; Maung, Sithu; Deeble, Roger; Fox, Elaine

doi:10.1002/bem.20681

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…While all three participants displayed an increased symptom severity and were confident that they could detect the presence of RF‐EMF in the RF ON exposure condition compared to RF OFF in the initial open‐label trial, no significant differences in symptom severity or exposure detection between the RF ON and sham conditions were found in the double‐blind trials. These findings correspond to those reported by Eltiti et al [] and Wallace et al [], who found that IEI‐EMF participants had a greater symptomatic response in an initial open‐label active trial compared to sham, but no difference in subsequent double‐blind trials. Likewise, in a study similar to the present investigation, van Moorselaar et al [] reported that IEI‐EMF participants were unable to correctly identify when they were being exposed during double‐blind testing, despite participants reacting to the exposure in an initial unblinded test.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Indeed, sham exposures alone have been found to be sufficient to trigger symptoms in IEI‐EMF participants [Wilén et al, ; Oftedal et al, ; Nam et al, ]. Two studies have also reported an increase in symptoms in an initial non‐blinded active exposure condition, compared to sham, but have then found no significant differences between active and sham conditions in subsequent double‐blind trials [Eltiti et al, ; Wallace et al, ]. Similarly, a recent study reported that IEI‐EMF participants were unable to correctly identify when they were being exposed under double‐blind conditions, despite an initial verification that they could detect active from sham conditions in an open‐label trial [van Moorselaar et al, ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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IEI‐EMF provocation case studies: A novel approach to testing sensitive individuals

Verrender¹,

Loughran²,

Anderson³

et al. 2017

Bioelectromagnetics

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The etiology of Idiopathic Environmental Intolerance attributed to Electromagnetic Fields (IEI-EMF) is controversial. While the majority of studies have indicated that there is no relationship between EMF exposure and symptoms reported by IEI-EMF sufferers, concerns about methodological issues have been raised. Addressing these concerns, the present experiment was designed as a series of individual case studies to determine whether there is a relationship between radiofrequency-electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure and an IEI-EMF individual's self-reported symptoms. Three participants aged 44-64 were tested during a series of sham and active exposure trials (2 open-label trials; 12 randomized, double-blind, counterbalanced trials), where symptom severity and exposure detection were scored using 100 mm visual analogue scales. The RF-EMF exposure was a 902-928 MHz spread spectrum digitally modulated signal with an average radiated power output of 1 W (0.3 W/m incident power density at the participant). In the double-blind trials, no significant difference in symptom severity or exposure detection was found for any of the participants between the two conditions. Belief of exposure strongly predicted symptom severity score for all participants. Despite accounting for several possible limitations, the present experiment failed to show a relationship between RF-EMF exposure and an IEI-EMF individual's symptoms. Bioelectromagnetics. 39:132-143, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IEI‐EMF provocation case studies: A novel approach to testing sensitive individuals

Verrender¹,

Loughran²,

Anderson³

et al. 2017

Bioelectromagnetics

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“…Furthermore, adolescents with inattention are at a higher risk of other psychiatric illnesses such as mood and conduct disorders, and substance abuse [ 18 , 19 ]. However, in a study using a MP exposure device, no difference in attention was observed between the sham and MP exposure groups [ 20 , 21 ]. Attention functions may also be differentially enhanced after exposure to the electromagnetic field emitted by MP [ 22 – 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between mobile phone use and inattention in 7102 Chinese adolescents: a population-based cross-sectional study

Zheng

Gao

et al. 2014

BMC Public Health

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BackgroundThe dramatic growth of mobile phone (MP) use among young people has increased interest in its possible health hazards in this age group. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between MP use and inattention in adolescents.MethodsA total of 7720 middle school students were involved in this cross-sectional study. Inattention was assessed as defined for the Attention Deficit component of Attention deficit/Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev. [DSM-IV-TR]). The demographic characteristics and information on MP use were included in the questionnaire. Chi-square tests and logistic regression models were used to analyze the data.ResultsIn total, 7102 (91.99%) valid questionnaires were obtained. After adjusted for confounders, inattention in adolescents was significantly associated with MP ownership, the time spent on entertainment on MP per day, the position of the MP during the day and the mode of the MP at night. The strongest association between inattention and the time spent on the MP was among students who spent more than 60 minutes per day playing on their MP.ConclusionsOur study shows some associations between MP use and inattention in Chinese adolescents. Decreasing MP usage to less than 60 minutes per day may help adolescents to stay focused and centered.

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“…105-119) and cognitive function (e.g. [120][121][122][123][124][125][126][127][128][129][130][131]. A few investigations were about effects on glucose metabolism (132, 133) and regional cerebral blood flow (134,135), applying PET scan imaging.…”

Section: Neurological Effects Of Radio-frequency Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

EUROPAEM EMF Guideline 2016 for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of EMF-related health problems and illnesses

Belyaev

Dean

Eger

et al. 2016

Reviews on Environmental Health

161

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Chronic diseases and illnesses associated with non-specific symptoms are on the rise. In addition to chronic stress in social and work environments, physical and chemical exposures at home, at work, and during leisure activities are causal or contributing environmental stressors that deserve attention by the general practitioner as well as by all other members of the health care community. It seems necessary now to take "new exposures" like electromagnetic fields (EMF) into account. Physicians are increasingly confronted with health problems from unidentified causes. Studies, empirical observations, and patient reports clearly indicate interactions between EMF exposure and health problems. Individual susceptibility and environmental factors are frequently neglected. New wireless technologies and applications have been introduced without any certainty about their health effects, raising new challenges for medicine and society. For instance, the issue of so-called non-thermal effects and potential long-term effects of low-dose exposure were scarcely investigated prior to the introduction of these technologies. Common electromagnetic field or EMF sources: Radio-frequency radiation (RF) (3 MHz to 300 GHz) is emitted from radio and TV broadcast antennas, Wi-Fi access points, routers, and clients (e.g. smartphones, tablets), cordless and mobile phones including their base stations, and Bluetooth devices. Extremely low frequency electric (ELF EF) and magnetic fields (ELF MF) (3 Hz to 3 kHz) are emitted from electrical wiring, lamps, and appliances. Very low frequency electric (VLF EF) and magnetic fields (VLF MF) (3 kHz to 3 MHz) are emitted, due to harmonic voltage and current distortions, from electrical wiring, lamps (e.g. compact fluorescent lamps), and electronic devices. On the one hand, there is strong evidence that long-term exposure to certain EMFs is a risk factor for diseases such as certain cancers, Alzheimer's disease, and male infertility. On the other hand, the emerging electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS) is more and more recognized by health authorities, disability administrators and case workers, politicians, as well as courts of law. We recommend treating EHS clinically as part of the group of chronic multisystem illnesses (CMI), but still recognizing that the underlying cause remains the environment. In the beginning, EHS symptoms occur only occasionally, but over time they may increase in frequency and severity. Common EHS symptoms include headaches, concentration difficulties, sleep problems, depression, a lack of energy, fatigue, and flu-like symptoms. A comprehensive medical history, which should include all symptoms and their occurrences in spatial and temporal terms and in the context of EMF exposures, is the key to making the diagnosis. The EMF exposure is usually assessed by EMF measurements at home and at work. Certain types of EMF exposure can be assessed by asking about common EMF sources. It is very important to take the individual susceptibility into account. The primary method of trea...

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Cognitive and physiological responses in humans exposed to a TETRA base station signal in relation to perceived electromagnetic hypersensitivity

Cited by 22 publications

References 31 publications

IEI‐EMF provocation case studies: A novel approach to testing sensitive individuals

IEI‐EMF provocation case studies: A novel approach to testing sensitive individuals

Association between mobile phone use and inattention in 7102 Chinese adolescents: a population-based cross-sectional study

EUROPAEM EMF Guideline 2016 for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of EMF-related health problems and illnesses

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