Cognitive and behavioural profile of minors in residential care: The role of executive functions

Sánchez-Paulete, Nuria Camuñas; Rodríguez, María Vaíllo; Mavrou, Irini; Brígido, Maria Aparecida da Silveira; Quintana, Miriam Poole

doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105507

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Slični rezultati su dobijeni i na uzorku usvojene dece (Wretham & Woolgar, 2017) i dece koja žive u hraniteljskim porodicama (Carrera, Jiménez-Morago, Román, & León, 2019) ili malim domskim zajednicama (Camuñas, Vaíllo, Mavrou, Brígido, & Quintana, 2020). Primenom BRIEF skale utvrđeno je da ova deca imaju povišene skorove na svim skalama i kompozitnim skorovima, nezavisno od toga da li je reč o deci mlađeg školskog uzrasta (Carrera et al, 2019;Wretham & Woolgar, 2017) ili o adolescentima (Camuñas et al, 2020). Ipak, njihova postignuća su nešto bolja nego kod našeg uzorka institucionalizovane dece, a specifične teškoće su nešto drugačije distribuirane.…”

Section: Diskusijaunclassified

Egzekutivne Funkcije Kod Institucionalizovane Dece Bez Roditeljskog Staranja

Gligorović¹,

Buha²

2022

MPER

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Institucionalno zbrinjavanje dece bez roditeljskog staranja predstavlja značajan faktor rizika za socioemocionalni i kognitivni razvoj. Imajući u vidu da su ranije studije uglavnom bile usmerene na izučavanje karakteristika ponašanja, afektivne vezanosti, pažnje, govorno-jezičkih sposobnosti i intelektualnog funkcionisanja, cilj ovog pilot istraživanja je da se utvrdi nivo razvoja egzekutivnih funkcija (EF) kod institucionalizovane dece tipičnih intelektualnih sposobnosti. Uzorkom je obuhvaćeno dvadeset četvoro dece, oba pola (58,3% dečaka; N=14), uzrasta 8-15 godina (AS=13,5; SD=1,64). Za procenu EF primenjena je BRIEF skala (Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive function), a rezultati su analizirani u odnosu na norme date u priručniku. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju na to da deca koja žive u instituciji pokazuju značajna odstupanja u nivou razvoja gotovo svih procenjenih aspekata EF, i to između 25% i 83% dece u zavisnosti od subskale. Klinički značajne vrednosti manifestuju se kako u domenu regulacije ponašanja, tako i u oblasti metakognicije koja, sudeći po rezultatima (oko 70% dece odstupa minimum 1,5 SD od proseka), predstavlja oblast koja je posebno osetljiva na uticaj institucionalnog okruženja. U oblasti metakognitivnih sposobnosti najizraženije teškoće detektuju se na subskali kojom se procenjuju planiranje i organizacija (83,3%), a u oblasti bihejvioralne regulacije u domenu mogućnosti fleksibilne izmene ponašanja (70,8%). Uočena je tendencija postizanja lošijih rezultata kod dece koja su u domskom smeštaju do godinu dana u odnosu na decu koja duže borave u domu, a ta razlika je i statistički značajna u domenu fleksibilnosti ponašanja (p=0,033). Kod dece koja žive u instituciji nisu utvrđene polne razlike u nivou razvoja EF. Imajući u vidu značaj EF za socioemocionalno funkcionisanje, adaptivno ponašanje i akademski uspeh, neophodno je sistemski uvrstiti različite programe stimulacije koji bi bili usmereni na razvoj metakognitivnih i regulatornih sposobnosti dece koja žive u instituciji.

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Section: Diskusijaunclassified

Egzekutivne Funkcije Kod Institucionalizovane Dece Bez Roditeljskog Staranja

Gligorović¹,

Buha²

2022

MPER

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“…However, some studies have found a greater effect in females related to cognition and emotional regulation; whilst in males, worse control over one's impulses has been found (Edmiston et al, 2011;Tung et al, 2012). Camuñas et al (2020) observed more emotional problems in females than in males. Teicher et al (2004), Shea et al (2005), and Burghy et al (2012) found a greater probability of internalising problems (anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress…) in females and of externalising problems in males (attention deficits and hyperactivity).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Executive Processes and Emotional and Behavioural Problems in Youths Under Protective Measures

et al. 2021

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This research studies the executive processes of youths under protective measures between 13 and 18years of age, as well as the emotional problems they have and the presence of behavioural problems, such as difficulties to control and direct attention, to control one’s own behaviour and inhibit inadequate or ineffective responses (hyperactivity-impulsiveness) and problems related to emotional regulation. In addition, we study the presence of significant differences according to the sex of the youths. We also analyse to what extent the difficulties in the executive processes are related to and can predict the emotional and behavioural problems. The instruments used were Stroop’s Colour and Word Test (Stroop), the Paths Test (TESen), and the System of Evaluation for Children and Adolescents (SENA). The results indicated that the youths had difficulties in such executive processes as execution, speed, and accuracy in carrying out tasks. Furthermore, they had emotion problems, amongst which the symptoms of anxiety are worthy of note; whilst attention deficit, hyperactivity-impulsiveness, and problems related to emotional regulation could also be observed. The data indicated greater difficulties in the executive processes for males than for females. There was a greater emotional symptomatology in the females, whilst there were greater deficits in attention and hyperactivity/impulsiveness in the males. Similarly, the deficits in the executive processes were related to and predicted emotional and behavioural problems. This research suggests the design of a structured programme focused on systematic training in real, daily situations, recommending the use of restorative techniques to work on the affected cognitive skills and techniques aimed at improving the youths’ emotion regulation.

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“…Children and young people in Residential Care (RC) present with greater mental health difficulties than children and young people in out-of-care contexts (Gearing et al, 2014;Jozefiak et al, 2016). These difficulties include emotional and behavioral problems (Alink et al, 2006;Bernedo et al, 2014;Campos et al, 2019;Camuñas et al, 2020;Finkelhor et al, 2009) that can endure into adulthood (Culhane & Taussig, 2009). Also, adolescents in RC are more likely to show symptoms of depression and anxiety, low confidence and independence, greater substance abuse, problems with peers and academic difficulties (Indias et al, 2019;Fowler et al, 2009;Mazza & Overstreet, 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

Adolescents’ Resilience in Residential Care: A Systematic Review of Factors Related to Healthy Adaptation

2021

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Research with young people in Residential Care (RC) has primarily focused on mental health problems, overlooking resilience and adaptation. Considering that we cannot change previous trauma experiences and adversity (e.g., previous abuse and neglect), it is critical to identify the current protective factors of adaptation in RC.Purpose: this systematic review aims to identify the protective factors or the resilience portfolio that may be positively associated with adolescents' healthy adaptation in RC.Method: based on the PRISMA statement and using a combination of keywords related with RC, adolescents, resilience, and adaptation a search in eight databases was conducted in November 2020: Academic Search Complete, APA PsycArticles, APA PsycINFO, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, ERIC, MEDLINE, Web of Science and Scopus. This search yielded 4442 articles and 11 studies met our inclusion criteria. Results: Overall, the studies reported protective factors at different levels, namely, individual assets, resources from different contexts (family, RC, and community), appraisals and coping behavior. Conclusion: this review highlighted the importance of exploring resilience as a dynamic process of assets and resources rather than as a stable individual attribute. We expect to contribute to a deep discussion about resilience in RC, informing policy-making and professional practices and enhancing young people's adaptation in RC.

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Cognitive and behavioural profile of minors in residential care: The role of executive functions

Cited by 5 publications

References 34 publications

Egzekutivne Funkcije Kod Institucionalizovane Dece Bez Roditeljskog Staranja

Egzekutivne Funkcije Kod Institucionalizovane Dece Bez Roditeljskog Staranja

Executive Processes and Emotional and Behavioural Problems in Youths Under Protective Measures

Adolescents’ Resilience in Residential Care: A Systematic Review of Factors Related to Healthy Adaptation

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