Coffee, tea, caffeine intake, and the risk of cancer in the PLCO cohort

Abstract

Background:The association between coffee intake, tea intake and cancer has been extensively studied, but associations are not established for many cancers. Previous studies are not consistent on whether caffeine may be the source of possible associations between coffee and cancer risk.Methods:In the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian cancer screening trial, of the 97 334 eligible individuals, 10 399 developed cancer. Cancers included were 145 head and neck, 99 oesophageal, 136 stomach, 1137 lung, 1703 breast, 257 endometrial, 162 ovarian, 3037 prostate, 318 kidney, 398 bladder, 103 gliomas, and 106 thyroid.Results:Mean coffee intake was higher in lower education groups, among current smokers, among heavier and longer duration smokers, and among heavier alcohol drinkers. Coffee intake was not associated with the risk of all cancers combined (RR=1.00, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.96–1.05), whereas tea drinking was associated with a decreased risk of cancer overall (RR=0.95, 95% CI=0.94–0.96 for 1+ cups per day vs <1 cup per day). For endometrial cancer, a decreased risk was observed for coffee intake (RR=0.69, 95% CI=0,52–0.91 for ⩾2 cups per day). Caffeine intake was not associated with cancer risk in a dose–response manner.Conclusions:We observed a decreased risk of endometrial cancer for coffee intake, and a decreased risk of cancer overall with tea intake.

A prospective study of tea and coffee intake and risk of glioma

“…21 The null association between coffee consumption and glioma is somewhat surprising given the previously observed inverse associations between coffee intake and other cancers and beneficial effects on cardiometabolic health; however, other studies have revealed that glioma risk factors appear to differ from those for other cancers, such as smoking. 1,3,6,7,10,11,39…”

“…Increased consumption of tea and coffee, two of the most popular beverages worldwide, has been associated with decreased risk of cancers of several sites in human studies. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Less is known about the association between tea or coffee consumption and risk of glioma, a cancer for which few lifestyle factors have been identified. 11,12 Coffee is a rich source of caffeine, and both tea and coffee contain additional biologically active compounds.…”

Coffee and tea consumption and risk of prostate cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

“…Such changes could lead to non‐differential measurement error in the assessment of coffee consumption, which could bias results toward the null. Diverging findings in different studies might be also owing to the different types of raw coffee and the different concentrations and preparations, as the particle content and dissolved caffeine content may differ . We did not identify a differing association by caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee consumption, similar to HPFS and the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian ( PLCO ) Cancer Screening study cohort, but these and other types of coffee (e.g., type of coffee bean, roasting and brewing methods) should be investigated in greater detail in future studies.…”

Circulating metabolite profiles to predict overall survival in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients receiving first-line chemotherapy

“…Coffee has been reported to favorably affect inflammation, lung function and insulin sensitivity, and subsequently reduce mortality risk (41). There are some reports about coffee intake and cancer risk, and the results are variable (34)(42-43). Especially, it has been reported that coffee intake may be associated with increased risk of lung cancer.…”