Coconut shell derived ZnCl2 activated carbon for malachite green dye removal

Ramasamy, Sangeetha Piriya; Jayabalakrishnan, R. M.; Maheswari, M.; Boomiraj, K.; Oumabady, Sadish

doi:10.2166/wst.2021.050

Cited by 43 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…The produced activated carbon presented a micro/mesoporous structure. The microporous and mesoporous structures were according to the research conducted by Piriya et al (2021) , which produced activated carbon from coconut shells and chemical activation using ZnCl 2 aiming at the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. In addition, these structures were on par with the results found by Wang et al (2013) , a study aiming the optimization of mesoporous activated carbon produced from coconut shells and activation with H 3 PO 4 , which also identified mainly microporous (total volume of 37.06%) and mesoporous (total volume of 62.85%) structure formed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New low-cost biofilters for SARS-CoV-2 using Hymenachne grumosa as a precursor

Demarco

Afonso

Schoeler

et al. 2022

Journal of Cleaner Production

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The ongoing global spread of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 2019 disease) is causing an unprecedented repercussion on human health and the economy. Despite the primary mode of transmission being through air droplets and contact, the transmission via wastewater is a critical concern. There is a lack of techniques able to provide complete disinfection, along with the uncertainty related to the behavior of SARS-CoV-2 in the natural environment and risks of contamination. This fact makes urgent the research towards new alternatives for virus removal from water and wastewater. Thus, this research aimed to characterize new lost-cost adsorbents for SARS-CoV-2 using Hymenachne grumosa as a precursor and verify its potential for removing SARS-CoV-2 from the solution. The aquatic macrophyte H. grumosa had in natura and activated carbon produced with H. grumosa and zinc chloride (ZnCl 2, 1:1) impregnation and carbonization (700 °C, 1 h) were incubated for 24 h with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 viral suspension, and then the ribonucleic acid (RNA) was extracted and viral load quantified through reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) technique. The results demonstrated the great adsorption potential, achieving removal of 98.44% by H. grumosa “in natura” , and 99.61% by H. grumosa with carbon activation, being similar to commercial activated carbon (99.67%). Thus, this study highlights the possibility of low-cost biofilters to be used for SARS-CoV-2 removal, as an excellent alternative for wastewater treatment or watercourses decontamination.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New low-cost biofilters for SARS-CoV-2 using Hymenachne grumosa as a precursor

Demarco

Afonso

Schoeler

et al. 2022

Journal of Cleaner Production

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“…Therefore, wastewater treatment is essential and various technologies have been employed for dye removal such as electrocoagulation; photocatalytic, oxidative, and biochemical degradation; and adsorption. Adsorption has received special attention due to its simplicity, high efficiency, including the treatment of concentrated dye effluents, low cost, and the possibility of reusing the adsorbent through its recovery and regeneration [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Agarwal et al [4] reported the two-step process as the most effective due to the high porosity developed: (1) carbonization of the material under an inert atmosphere which enables the removal of moisture, volatile compounds, and other aromatic and then resulting in a char with high carbon content; and (2) activation at elevated temperature to degrade the cellulosic materials in the precursor and to attain specific characteristics which will depend on the process conditions used. Carbonization depends on several factors such as the existence of an inert atmosphere, the heating rate, the carbonization temperature, and time [5,10]. The resulting char can be activated through chemical activation that could be performed by impregnation (wet oxidation) or by mixing the char with the solid activating agent (dry oxidation) [11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides, unwanted and abundant wastes can be converted into useful and valuable adsorbents [19]. There has been demand for costeffective precursors for the production of activated carbon and recent research have reported the preparation of AC from materials such as grape stalk, semi-coke, coconut shell, slash pinewood, and Sterculia alata nutshell [5,9,14,19,20]. This type of carbon-based materials demonstrates characteristics such as high surface area, stability, range of functional groups, and a porous structure [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation of activated carbon from pine (Pinus radiata) sawdust by chemical activation with zinc chloride for wood dye adsorption

Pimentel

Freire

Gómez‐Díaz

et al. 2023

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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Wastewater containing dyes are released into water bodies generating serious problems in human health and marine life. To contribute to the solution of this problem, a novel activated carbon was prepared from untreated pine (Pinus radiata) sawdust by dry chemical activation with ZnCl2 and was used for wood dye adsorption. The carbon was characterized by point of zero charge, N2 and CO2 adsorption isotherms, SEM-EDX, and FTIR. N2 and CO2 surface areas were 471.4 and 319.5 m2 g−1, respectively, with 91% of micropores. Wood dye adsorption was studied in function of pH (2–12), adsorbent dose (0.1–4 g L−1), time (up to 48 h for blue and red and 12 h for black), and initial concentration (5–500 mg L−1). The equilibrium data for the blue and black dyes were satisfactorily fitted to the Freundlich model while those for the red dye to the Langmuir model. Kinetic data were explained by the pseudo-second order (chemisorption process) and intraparticle diffusion models. At 5 mg L−1, a 100% removal efficiency was achieved at all pH for the blue dye, whereas for the red and black, natural pH (5.1) and pH = 2, respectively, led to the best removal efficiencies, 96 and 56%. Increasing concentration above 25 mg L−1 significantly reduced adsorption efficiency for blue and red dyes. For the black dye increasing the dose to 1 g L−1, the adsorption efficiency reached 82% at 25 mg L−1. High removal efficiencies were achieved for all dyes at 25 mg L−1 and 4 g L−1.

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“…Most of the obliterations of the quality of air, water, and soil which are critical for life sustenance on earth are due to the fast-growing global population and industrialization [5]. An imperative constraint for economic growth is the accelerated urbanization and industrialization as well as the swift increase in water consumption and the issue of water scarcity [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Facile Review on the Sorption of Heavy Metals and Dyes Using Bionanocomposites

Aigbe

Ukhurebor

Onyancha

et al. 2022

Adsorption Science & Technology

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Presently, hazardous metal and dye removal from wastewater is one of the major areas of research focus. For the elimination of these contaminants, many approaches have been devised and applied. However, the accomplishment of various water treatment processes has largely depended on the medium utilized and the associated problem with the leaching of harmful compounds into the water process with most commercial and chemically manufactured materials for water treatment processes. Hence, this study is aimed at reviewing existing studies on the sorption of heavy metals (HMs) and dyes using bionanocomposites (BNCs). The key focus of this review is on the development of eco-friendly, effective, and appropriate nanoadsorbents that could accomplish superior and enhanced contaminant sequestration using BNCs owing to their biodegradability, biocompatible, environmentally friendly, and not posing as secondary waste to the environment. The sorption of most pollutants was observed to be pH, sorbent dosage, and initial contaminant concentration-dependent, with most contaminants’ elimination taking place in the pH range of 2-10. The sorption process of HMs and dyes to various BNCs was superlatively depicted utilizing the Langmuir (LNR) and Freundlich (FL) as well as the pseudo-second-order (PSO) models, suggestive of the sorption process of a monolayer and multilayer and the chemisorption process, the rate-limiting stage in surface sorption. The established sorption capacities for the reviewed sorption process for various contaminants ranged from 1.47 to 740.97 mg/g. Future prospective for the treatment and remediation of contaminated water using BNCs was also discussed.

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Coconut shell derived ZnCl2 activated carbon for malachite green dye removal

Cited by 43 publications

References 76 publications

New low-cost biofilters for SARS-CoV-2 using Hymenachne grumosa as a precursor

New low-cost biofilters for SARS-CoV-2 using Hymenachne grumosa as a precursor

Preparation of activated carbon from pine (Pinus radiata) sawdust by chemical activation with zinc chloride for wood dye adsorption

A Facile Review on the Sorption of Heavy Metals and Dyes Using Bionanocomposites

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