Clinical use of dexmedetomidine as premedicant in cats undergoing propofol–sevoflurane anaesthesia

Mendes, Guilherme Maia; Selmi, André Luís; Barbudo-Selmi, Glenda Ramalho; Lins, Bruno Testoni; Figueiredo, Juliana Peboni

doi:10.1016/s1098-612x(03)00053-6

Cited by 27 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…1". As reported in previous studies (Kallio et al, 1989;Ansah et al, 1998;Lamont et al, 2001;Mendes et al, 2003;Selmi et al, 2003) marked decrease in heart rate and cardiac output, increase in total vascular resistance and transient mild changes in blood pressure, are expected dose-dependent effects of dexmedetomidine administration. The effect of alpha 2 agonist on blood pressure are defined by two stages: An initial phase characterized by peripheral vasoconstriction, increase blood pressure and reflex bradycardia and another subsequent phase with a reduction of sympathetic tone and hypotension (Herbert et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Dexmedetomidine is a relatively new alpha 2 adrenergic agonist; it is the active optical enantiomer isolated from the racemic compound medetomidine (MacDonald et al, 1991;Selmi et al, 2003). Efficacy of dexmedetomidine has been demonstrated by several studies in cats (Ansah et al, 1998;Mendes et al, 2003;Granholm et al, 2006) however dexmedetomidine has also important cardiovascular and respiratory side effects, such as peripheral vascular resistance increase, bradycardia, decrease in cardiac output and respiratory depression (Pypendop et al, 2011). These effects are the result of a decrease in sympathetic activity and a simultaneous parasympathetic increase in the Central Nervous System (CNS) plus the vagal reflex originating in the baroreceptors in response to the initial hypertension caused by alpha 2 agonist.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methadone and Dexmedetomidine Combination as Premedicant Agents for Ovariectomy in Cats

Briganti¹,

Breghi²,

Vannozzi³

et al. 2015

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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Abstract:The purpose of this study was to assess sedative and analgesic effects produced by the association of methadone and dexmedetomidine, administered intramuscularly as premedication for ovariectomy in cats. Twenty-four healthy cats were enrolled in the study. The values of heart and respiratory rate were recorded as Tbase. Cats received methadone 0.5 mg kg −1 and dexmedetomidine 5 mcg kg −1 IM. Sedation and ease for catheterization were scored using a simple descriptive scale ranging from 0 (no sedation) to 3 (profound sedation) and 0 (very difficult) to 3 (very easy). General anesthesia was induced with propofol and after endotracheal intubation it was maintained with isoflurane. During the surgery Heart Rate (HR), Respiratory Rate (RR), hemoglobin oxygen saturation, Doppler blood pressure, expiratory isoflurane percentage and end tidal of carbon dioxide were recorded every five minutes. At the end of the surgery all animals received robenacoxib 2 mg kg −1 subcutaneously. Recovery was scored using a simple descriptive scale ranging from 0 (poor) to 3 (excellent). The median sedation score was 2 (range 0-3); the only adverse effect associated with the premedication was vomiting occurred in 20% of the cats. No animals became excited after premedication. The median ease for catheterization was 3 (range 1-3). After premedication HR and RR showed a decrease of 28% and of 32%, respectively, in comparison to Tbase values. The median recovery score was 3 (range 1-3). No animal required additional analgesia after the surgery. The association of dexmedetomidine 5 mcg kg −1 and methadone 0.5 mg kg −1 employed in this study resulted in overall good sedation quality without any major adverse reaction. The onset of sedation was quite fast (about 7 min), suggesting synergic effect of the two molecules. Most of cats showed an easy catheterization and the recovery was excellent for the majority of cases.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methadone and Dexmedetomidine Combination as Premedicant Agents for Ovariectomy in Cats

Briganti¹,

Breghi²,

Vannozzi³

et al. 2015

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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“…Clinical studies in dogs and cats have shown that the pharmacodynamic effects of DEX are twice as potent as the MED racemic mixture, therefore DEX is administered at half the dose of MED for sedation; as for MED, the sedative and analgesic effects of DEX are antagonised by atipamezole (Cullen 1996;Ansah et al 1998Ansah et al , 2000Kuusela et al 2000;Mendes et al 2003;Granholm et al 2006). DEX has been approved for clinical use in dogs and cats in Italy since 2008, and we immediately started to use it for dog and cat sedation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the muscular relaxant effect of dexmedetomidine or medetomidine in cats

et al. 2009

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The alpha2 adrenoceptor agonist medetomidine (MED) is an equal racemic mixture of two enantiomers, dexmedetomidine (DEX) and levomedetomidine (LEV); the LEV enantiomer is generally considered to be pharmacologically inactive, whereas the DEX enantiomer is active (Virtanen et al., 1988; MacDonald et al., 1991; Savola et al., 1991). Clinical studies in dogs and cats have shown that the pharmacodynamic effects of DEX are twice as potent as MED racemic mixture, therefore DEX administered at half the dose compared with MED for sedation; such as MED, DEX sedative and analgesic effects are antagonised by atipamezole (Cullen et al., 1996; Ansah et al., 1998; Kuusela et al., 2000; Ansah et al., 2000; Mendes et al., 2003; Granholm et al., 2006). DEX has been approved in Italy for clinical use in dogs and cats since 2008, and immediately we started to use it for dog and cat sedation. The DEX sedation effect in the dog is looked like MED, whereas the muscular relaxant effect in the cat was lower than MED. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the muscular relaxant effects in cats following DEX or MED used at bioequivalent dose

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“…These differences in midazolam administration might explain the contrasting results. Another probable explanation for these differences is the rate of propofol administration, which directly affects the induction dose (SHORT; BUFALARI, 1999;MENDES et al, 2003;TABOADA;MURISON, 2010). Studies comparing dosages did not describe the rate of administration (BREARLEY el al., 1988;MORGAN;LEGGE, 1989;WEAVER;RAPTOPOULOS, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of combined midazolam and propofol in anesthesia induction and recovery of cats undergoing ovariohisterectomy

et al. 2015

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The objective of this study was to determine the effects of propofol and midazolam on induction of anesthesia in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy, measured in terms of the quality of tracheal intubation, anesthesia induction, cardiorespiratory effects, and recuperation period. Thirty healthy adult cats were pretreated with acepromazine and morphine. After 30 min, they were divided into three groups: PG (n = 10), in which induction was performed with only intravenous propofol at doses required for intubation; MPG (n = 8), in which animals received intravenous midazolam (0.3 mg kg -1 ) administered over 30 s, followed by administration of propofol as in PG; and PMG (n = 9), in which propofol was first administered at a rate of 4 mg kg -1 min -1 , after which midazolam was administered (0.3 mg/kg), followed by re-administration of propofol. In order to perform a blinded study, the PG and PMG received a 0.9% NaCl solution volume similar to the midazolam dose before induction (0.06 mL/kg). Similar to the other groups, the PG and MPG received (0.06 mL kg -1 ) saline 30 s after administration of propofol. In order to mimic the administration of midazolam, the saline solution was administered for 30s. The PG received 11.0 ± 1.38 mg kg -1 propofol, a greater dose than that administered to the PMG (p < 0.001) and MPG (p < 0.01), which received 7.9 ± 1.92 and 9.1 ± 2.20 mg kg -1 , respectively. There were no differences in the intubation scores between groups. Previous use of midazolam did not affect agitation or excitement in cats; both sequences of propofol-midazolam administration are feasible, but the propofol-midazolam sequence was superior due to the lower propofol dose. Key words: Benzodiazepines, castration, dogs, feline ResumoO objetivo deste estudo foi determinar os efeitos de propofol e midazolam na indução da anestesia em gatas submetidas a ovariossalpingohisterectomia quanto a qualidade da intubação orotraqueal e da indução da anestesia, efeitos cardiorrespiratórios e períodos de recuperação. Foram utilizadas 27 gatas adultas e hígidas que foram pré-tratadas com acepromazina e morfina. Decorridos 30 minutos, foram distribuídas em três grupos: no GP (n=10), a indução foi realizada somente com propofol por via intravenosa na dose necessária para intubação orotraqueal; no GMP (n=8), os animais receberam midazolam (0,3 mg/kg) administrado pela via intravenosa em 30s, e em seguida o propofol foi administrado segundo os critérios do grupo propofol; no GPM (n=9), administrou-se, inicialmente, propofol na velocidade de 4 mg/kg/min; posteriormente, administrou-se midazolam (0,3 mg/kg), e o restante da indução foi realizado com propofol. Para que o estudo fosse cego, os animais dos grupos GP e GPM receberam solução salina no volume similar à dose de midazolam antes da indução (0,06 ml/kg). Da mesma forma, os grupos GP e GMP receberam solução de NaCl a 0,9% (0,06 ml/kg) após 30s de administração de propofol. Com objetivo de mimetizar a administração do midazolam, a solução salina foi administrada em 30s. O GP r...

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Clinical use of dexmedetomidine as premedicant in cats undergoing propofol–sevoflurane anaesthesia

Cited by 27 publications

References 15 publications

Methadone and Dexmedetomidine Combination as Premedicant Agents for Ovariectomy in Cats

Methadone and Dexmedetomidine Combination as Premedicant Agents for Ovariectomy in Cats

Evaluation of the muscular relaxant effect of dexmedetomidine or medetomidine in cats

Effects of combined midazolam and propofol in anesthesia induction and recovery of cats undergoing ovariohisterectomy

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