Clinical Mimics: An Emergency Medicine-Focused Review of Streptococcal Pharyngitis Mimics

Gottlieb, Michael; Long, Brit; Koyfman, Alex

doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2018.01.031

Cited by 30 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 124 publications

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“…The differential diagnosis of a white lesion on the palatine tonsil includes tonsillar cysts or oral LECs, tonsilloliths, papillomas, lipomas, tonsillitis, strep throat or streptococcal pharyngitis, infectious mononucleosis, peritonsillar abscess, oropharyngeal candidiasis, and palatine cancers [ 5 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusual Site for a White Nodule on the Palatine Tonsil: Presentation, Differential Diagnosis, and Discussion

Aloyouny

2021

Case Reports in Dentistry

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Introduction. Palatine tonsils are part of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, located in the oropharyngeal region. Although these tissues protect the body from foreign intruders, they are more prone to infections due to their anatomical structure and location. For instance, the differential diagnosis of a white lesion on the palatine tonsil can range from benign to malignant lesions. Oral lymphoepithelial cysts commonly arise as painless, yellowish nodules on the floor of the mouth and the ventral or lateral surface of the tongue. Case Presentation. This paper presents a rare case of an unusual site of a lymphoepithelial cyst (LEC) in the oral cavity. The lesion was located in the tonsil of a 20-year-old woman with a chief complaint of a painless, white lump in the back of the mouth for nine months. Discussion. The differential diagnosis of a white lesion on the palatine tonsil is caused by several factors, such as bacterial, viral, and fungal infections; trauma; stones; cysts; abscess; or cancer. In this case, both the clinical presentation and extra- and intraoral examinations were highly associated with LEC. Oral LEC etiopathogenesis is uncertain, and several theories have been proposed to discuss the causes of LEC. In addition, oral LEC could be monitored without surgical intervention if the nodule is asymptomatic. Conclusion. We emphasize the importance of a thorough clinical examination of oral and oropharyngeal lesions, which are usually neglected.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusual Site for a White Nodule on the Palatine Tonsil: Presentation, Differential Diagnosis, and Discussion

Aloyouny

2021

Case Reports in Dentistry

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“…After onset antibiotics medications shorten the duration of the extreme illness through about sixteen hours. The primary purpose of treatment with antibiotics is to reduce the threat of headaches inclusive of rheumatic fever and retropharyngeal abscesses (9,10) . Antibiotics prevent acute rheumatic fever if given during nine days of the onset of signs (11,12) .…”

Section: The Antimicrobials Used Against Streptococci Pyogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potency of a Combined Diclofenac-Ampiclox against Streptococcus Pyogen Isolated from Patients with Pharyngitis: A pilot study

Al-Nafakh¹,

Abdulkadhim²,

Naser³

2019

AHRO

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Background: Pharyngitis, scarlet fever, and rheumatic fever are of the major infectious problems caused by Streptococcus pyogen. Emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains makes such infection, its rheumatic valvular disease, and glomerulonephritis complications a serious clinical challenge especially in children. Aims and objectives:In a maneuver of overcoming S. pyogen resistance and improve its response to antibiotic, a no steroidal anti-inflammatory drug NSAID is repurposed as antimicrobial against S. pyogen. In intention to be combined with the classical antibiotic recommended by WHO guideline of care. The combination was assessed for its MIC and combination index against S. pyogen. Materials and Methods:A multidrug-resistant strain of S. pyogen was isolated from patients, suffering pharyngitis. The most serious isolate was cultivated for MIC determination of ampicloxdiclofenac combination in comparison with each alone to determine the combination index. Results and conclusions:There was a significant synergism between ampiclox-diclofenac (index ˂ 1) at P= 0.012 and Z score= 2.3 further confirmation of MIC folds of dilutions are to be assessed to obtain reasonable evidence. Recommendations:We recommended to further confirm the antistreptococcal effect of the combined ampiclox-diclofenac on more dilutions of MIC assay and to analyze data of this combination in patients with S. pyogen pharyngitis.

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“…. It is an antibiotic [1,2] used to treat a number of bacterial infections [3] which include middle ear infection [4], strep throat [5], pneumonia [6], skin infections and urinary tract infections [7]. Common adverse effects include nausea and rash.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Validated Stability Indicating Method for Quantification of Amoxicillin, Clarithromycin and Lansoprazole in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage form by RP-HPLC

Sushma

Pawar

Divya

2021

JPRI

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Objective: The main objective of the present work is to develop an efficient, unique, reliable Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for the simultaneous quantification of Amoxicillin (AMX), Clarithromycin (CTM) and Lansoprazole (LPZ) in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations. Methods: The chromatographic separation was achieved by using Kinetex column C18 (100 x 4.6 mm, 2.6 µm) with Buffer (2.5 g of hexane sulphonic acid and 1ml of Triethylamine which are added to 1000 ml of HPLC water and adjusted its pH at 5.0 with Ortho phosphoric acid) and acetonitrile in the ratio of 70: 30 (%v/v) as a mobile phase at flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The column effluents were monitored by a photodiode array detector at wavelength predetermined at 240 nm. Results: The method produced reliable results at optimized chromatographic conditions. The method was linear at concentration range of 15-225 µg/ml of AMX, 15-225 µg/ml of CTM and 0.9-13.5 µg/ml of LPZ with regression coefficients of 0.9999, 0.9999, and 0.9999 respectively. The retention times of AMX, CTM, LPZ were obtained as 1.513, 3.124, 3.770 min respectively. Results obtained for system suitability, precision, LOD and LOQ were in acceptable range and were validated according to the guidelines of the International Council for Harmonization (ICH). Conclusion: The proposed method was validated in accordance with ICH and all the obtained results were found satisfactory and were successfully applicable to the analysis of the bulk and the pharmaceutical formulations.

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Clinical Mimics: An Emergency Medicine-Focused Review of Streptococcal Pharyngitis Mimics

Cited by 30 publications

References 124 publications

Unusual Site for a White Nodule on the Palatine Tonsil: Presentation, Differential Diagnosis, and Discussion

Unusual Site for a White Nodule on the Palatine Tonsil: Presentation, Differential Diagnosis, and Discussion

The Potency of a Combined Diclofenac-Ampiclox against Streptococcus Pyogen Isolated from Patients with Pharyngitis: A pilot study

Development of a Validated Stability Indicating Method for Quantification of Amoxicillin, Clarithromycin and Lansoprazole in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage form by RP-HPLC

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