Clinical diagnostic value of long non-coding RNAs in Colorectal Cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background: Histopathological diagnosis remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of cancer, including colorectal cancer, but it is infeasible when tumor tissue is not available. With the recognition of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), the expression of lncRNAs in serum or tissue samples has been reported as a diagnosis method for some cancers, however, the diagnostic value of lncRNAs for colorectal cancer remains unclear. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted. Eligible studies were identified through a comprehensive literature search in PubMed, PubMed Central, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library (up to May 05, 2020) according to the selection criteria. Meta-DiSc, Review Manager and STATA were used to analyze the association between lncRNAs expression and the diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Results: Fifteen studies that analyzed the expression of 15 lncRNAs in 1434 CRC patients were included. The summary area under the curve (AUC) of lncRNA for the diagnosis efficacy between patients with and without CRC was estimated to be 0.8629, corresponding to a weighted sensitivity of 0.75 (95% CI: 0.72-0.77), specificity of 0.80 (95%CI: 0.78-0.82). Subgroup analysis illustrated that the AUC of blood-based detection of lncRNA showed 0.8820, pooled DOR: 18.57, while tissue-based analysis showed 0.8203, pooled DOR: 10.47. Blood-based tests were then divided into two categories, plasma-based and serum-based lncRNA testing. Results revealed that the AUC of serum-based detection was 0.9077, pooled DOR: 26.64, and plasma-based detection was 0.5000, pooled DOR: 11.80. Conclusions: This meta-analysis indicates that the aberrantly expressed lncRNAs might serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers for CRC patients and blood-based lncRNA analysis is of higher diagnostic accuracy than tissue-based testing. Moreover, serum-based lncRNA testing achieved higher diagnostic efficacy than plasma-based analysis.

Prognostic Biomarkers of Cell Proliferation in Colorectal Cancer (CRC): From Immunohistochemistry to Molecular Biology Techniques

“…With the rapid development of complex molecular biology techniques (e.g., qRT-PCR, in situ hybridization (ISH), RNA/DNA sequencing, NGS, and DNA methylation detection methods), there is a constant search for new biomarkers of cellular proliferation with potential diagnostic, prognostic, and/or predictive significance in cancers including CRC [ 115 , 236 , 259 , 263 , 264 , 265 , 266 , 267 , 268 , 269 , 270 , 271 , 272 , 273 , 274 , 275 , 276 , 277 , 278 ].…”

“…Non-coding RNAs most often show increased expression in CRC compared to the controls. Depending on what function a given ncRNA has in the tumor (oncogene, tumor suppressor), its overexpression or downregulation enhances proliferative activity and tumor progression [ 266 , 268 , 270 , 279 , 280 , 281 ].…”

“…In addition to miRNAs, lncRNAs are also closely involved in enhancing cellular proliferation, acting through the CRC’s well-known signaling pathways, as already described in some excellent reviews [ 268 , 281 , 284 , 285 ]. These include (i) JAK/STAT (downregulation of cancer susceptibility candidate 2, CASC2), (ii) MAPK (overexpression of H19 imprinted maternally expressed transcript, H19 and a newly discovered lncRNA with a length of 2685 nc, i.e., LINC00858), (iii) EGFR/MAPK (overexpression of solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4A1-antisense RNA 1, SLCO4A1-AS1), (iv) Ras/MAPK (overexpression of colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed, CRNDE), and (v) AKT (overexpression of nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1, NEAT1).…”

Long Noncoding RNAs and Mitochondrial Homeostasis in the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy

“…Recent technical advances have allowed the LncRNA field to make great progress, the list of LncRNAs and their potential association with diseases is expanding rapidly, and their relatively stable nature in the body fluids, ease of obtaining body fluids and detecting them using commonly used molecular biology techniques makes them attractive biomarker candidates ( 128 , 129 ). The results of a meta-analysis using data from over 1400 patients have shown that LncRNAs can serve as promising diagnostic biomarkers ( 130 ). For example, higher levels of LncRNA LIPCAR are associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular mortality ( 131 ), and LncRNA NONHSAT112178 can be a possible predictive biomarkers for coronary artery disease ( 132 ), Lnc HOTAIR is highly expressed in saliva samples of oral squamous cells from carcinoma patients, making it a strong candidate for metastatic oral cancer diagnosis ( 133 ), and Lnc MALAT1 is elevated in plasma and urine of prostate cancer patients ( 134 ).…”

β-elemene enhances the antitumor activity of erlotinib by inducing apoptosis through AMPK and MAPK pathways in TKI-resistant H1975 lung cancer cells

“…(Curcuma wenyujin Y.H. Chen & C.Ling) [16,17], has been widely used as an antitumor agent to treat a variety of tumors including lung cancer, liver cancer, digestive tract cancer, and bladder cancer, etc., even the patients with TKIresistant NSCLC can also benefit from the concurrent use of β-elemene with TKIs [18][19][20][21], however, the effects of β-elemene on TKI-resistant lung cancer and the underlying mechanisms of action are largely unknown. To address these issues, we investigated the effects of β-elemene on EGFR L858R/ T790M double mutation NCI-H1975 cells and the potential molecular mechanisms.…”