Clinical Characteristics of Pediatric Granular Myringitis

Levi, Jessica R.; Ames, Julie A.; Gitman, Lyuba; Morlet, Thierry; O’Reilly, Robert

doi:10.1177/0194599812470433

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Localized infection of the deeper layers of the TM after the traumatic de-epithelization of the outer surface is the probable cause for granulation formation in GM. In all those studies which have cultured the discharge from GM, both methicillin sensitive and resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the two commonly isolated organisms (El-Seifi and Fouad, 2000; Levi et al, 2013; Kim, 2011). A history of the previous myringotomy and myringoplasty has been reported in nearly 80% of children with GM in a study (Levi et al, 2013).…”

Section: Granular Myringitismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In all those studies which have cultured the discharge from GM, both methicillin sensitive and resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the two commonly isolated organisms (El-Seifi and Fouad, 2000; Levi et al, 2013; Kim, 2011). A history of the previous myringotomy and myringoplasty has been reported in nearly 80% of children with GM in a study (Levi et al, 2013). However, this disease is rare in children (Kim, 2011).…”

Section: Granular Myringitismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rarely there can be associated TM perforation, which is often transient (Blevins and Karmody, 2001) and would heal spontaneously (Wolf et al, 2006). Many authors have reported conductive hearing loss in GM (Blevins and Karmody, 2001; Levi et al, 2013; Fechner et al, 2002). In almost 20% of the patients, GM can affect both the ears (Wolf et al, 2006).…”

Section: Granular Myringitismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Myringitis: An update

Devaraja

2019

Journal of Otology

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Myringitis can be acute or chronic. Though they commonly present with ear discharge with or without pain, the etiology and the management principles differ. Granular myringitis generally is an external ear pathology extending to tympanic membrane and present as painless otorrhea, whereas the bullous myringitis is commonly associated with acute inflammation of middle ear cleft and present with severe ear pain. This literature review discusses the clinical as well as the therapeutic aspects of these inflammatory conditions.

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Section: Granular Myringitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Granular Myringitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Granular Myringitismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Myringitis: An update

Devaraja

2019

Journal of Otology

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“…Most patients with granular myringitis seek medical care with complaints of having itchy ears, aural fullness, otorrhoea or otalgia; however, some patients may be asymptomatic. 2 If this condition is not properly treated, it can lead to fibrosis in the external ear, and inflammatory infiltration of the deep canal can lead to ear canal stenosis. 3 Wolf et al (2006) classified granular myringitis into four grades based on the extent of disease, as follows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of diluted vinegar in treating granular myringitis: a randomised controlled trial

et al. 2021

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Objective This study aimed to evaluate the outcome of granular myringitis treatment of 1 per cent diluted vinegar ear drops or 1 per cent chloramphenicol ear drops and to assess the side effects of 1 per cent diluted vinegar. Method Twenty-four patients aged over 18 years and diagnosed with granular myringitis grade I or II within 90 days of symptom onset were included. Patients were equally randomised into either the 1 per cent diluted vinegar group or the 1 per cent chloramphenicol group. Outcome of treatment and side effects were compared between groups. The main outcome measure was completely epithelialised tympanic membrane at the eight-week period. Results Eleven of 12 patients treated with 1 per cent diluted vinegar had complete recovery. In the 1 per cent chloramphenicol group, 8 of 12 patients recovered. The difference between groups was not statistically significant (p = 0.156). The observed side effects of diluted vinegar included dizziness and mild external auditory canal irritation. Conclusion One per cent diluted vinegar is an interesting option for granular myringitis. Other comparative advantages of 1 per cent diluted vinegar include its low price and no induction of antimicrobial resistance.

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“…4,7,8 Medical and surgical intervention is varied and often does not lead to permanent resolution of the disease. 3,9 Untreated GM can lead to inflammatory infiltration of the deep EAC and post-inflammatory medial EAC fibrosis and its atresia. 10 In spite of all these varied otoscopy findings, sequelae (causing hearing impairment), and diverse treatments, currently there is no classification and staging system of GM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Classification and Staging System to Address Prognosis and Treatment Decisions for Patients with Granular Myringitis

Bansal

2018

AONO

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Objective Does the severity of disease influence outcomes in patients with granular myringitis (GM)? There is no classification and staging system on the severity of GM although it is not a very rare disorder. The aim of this study was to propose a novel classification and staging system for the patients with GM according to the type, extent, and sequelae of the lesions so that indications of various modalities of treatments for the different classes of the disease and their outcomes could be studied. Methods Data were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Relevant articles were also sought by a hand search review of references, books, and journals. The databases were searched using the keywords “granular myringitis,” “granular otitis externa,” “myringitis granulosa,” and “myringitis.” Data from the relevant articles were extracted using a pre-defined data-extraction form. Results After reviewing the various otoscopic findings, the study proposes a clinical and surgical GAS classification and staging of granular myringitis, which is based on the type of G ranulating lesion, A rea of involvement, and S equelae of the disease. On the basis of GAS classification, patients with GM are grouped into four stages that indicate the overall severity and prognosis of the disease and can be used for selecting various modalities of treatment and their outcomes. Conclusion The GAS classification is simple, descriptive, and comprehensive and would provide practical basis for the indications of different modalities of management and outcomes research in patients with GM. This would facilitate in knowing the prognostic impact of extent of granulations. This study has a 1a type level of evidence.

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Clinical Characteristics of Pediatric Granular Myringitis

Abstract: Granular myringitis is a chronic, recalcitrant disease typically preceded by myringotomy and tube placement or myringoplasty/tympanoplasty. Medical and surgical intervention is varied and often does not lead to permanent resolution of the disease.

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Myringitis: An update

Myringitis: An update

Efficacy of diluted vinegar in treating granular myringitis: a randomised controlled trial

A Novel Classification and Staging System to Address Prognosis and Treatment Decisions for Patients with Granular Myringitis

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