Classification of man-made vitreous fibers: Comments on the revaluation by an IARC working group

Wardenbach, Peter; Rödelsperger, K.; Roller, Markus; Muhle, H.

doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2005.06.011

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 47 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The validity of negative dose–response data in rats after inhalation exposure to RCF is questionable because there are indications that the sensitivity of the rat inhalation model with man-made fibers is relatively low (Muhle and Pott 2000; Wardenbach et al 2005). Future research in developing a sensitive rat inhalation model for RCF is needed.…”

Section: Overarching Topicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Recommendations for Selected IARC-Classified Agents

Ward

Schulte

Straif

et al. 2010

Environ Health Perspect

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectivesThere are some common occupational agents and exposure circumstances for which evidence of carcinogenicity is substantial but not yet conclusive for humans. Our objectives were to identify research gaps and needs for 20 agents prioritized for review based on evidence of widespread human exposures and potential carcinogenicity in animals or humans.Data sourcesFor each chemical agent (or category of agents), a systematic review was conducted of new data published since the most recent pertinent International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monograph meeting on that agent.Data extractionReviewers were charged with identifying data gaps and general and specific approaches to address them, focusing on research that would be important in resolving classification uncertainties. An expert meeting brought reviewers together to discuss each agent and the identified data gaps and approaches.Data synthesisSeveral overarching issues were identified that pertained to multiple agents; these included the importance of recognizing that carcinogenic agents can act through multiple toxicity pathways and mechanisms, including epigenetic mechanisms, oxidative stress, and immuno- and hormonal modulation.ConclusionsStudies in occupational populations provide important opportunities to understand the mechanisms through which exogenous agents cause cancer and intervene to prevent human exposure and/or prevent or detect cancer among those already exposed. Scientific developments are likely to increase the challenges and complexities of carcinogen testing and evaluation in the future, and epidemiologic studies will be particularly critical to inform carcinogen classification and risk assessment processes.

show abstract

Section: Overarching Topicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Recommendations for Selected IARC-Classified Agents

Ward

Schulte

Straif

et al. 2010

Environ Health Perspect

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, the potential of asbestos to produce mesothelioma was first demonstrated with these tests, and Stanton and Wrench (1972), Stanton et al (1977Stanton et al ( , 1981, Pott and Friedrichs (1972), and Pott (1978) showed first that fiber shape is important and second that fibers can produce tumors if they are sufficiently long, thin, and durable. There is no general agreement on which of the routes of administration should be used in experiments with rats to predict human cancer risk (IARC, 2002;Rödelsperger, 2004;Wardenbach et al, 2005). Intraperitoneal studies would be expected to be more sensitive than inhalation studies, and they are hardly influenced by exposure of granular particles Wardenbach et al, 2005).…”

Section: The Relevance Of Intraperitoneal Fiber Injection Studies In mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is no general agreement on which of the routes of administration should be used in experiments with rats to predict human cancer risk (IARC, 2002;Rödelsperger, 2004;Wardenbach et al, 2005). Intraperitoneal studies would be expected to be more sensitive than inhalation studies, and they are hardly influenced by exposure of granular particles Wardenbach et al, 2005). According to IARC (2002), these tests can indicate whether a fiber should be classified as a carcinogen.…”

Section: The Relevance Of Intraperitoneal Fiber Injection Studies In mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Carcinogenicity of WHO Fibers of Silicon Carbide: SiC Whiskers Compared to Cleavage Fragments of Granular SiC

Rödelsperger

Brückel

2006

Inhalation Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A steep dose-response relationship for tumors was reported after application of 0.05 to 25 mg of whiskers of SiC in 1991 in a chronic intraperitoneal injection study in rats. In contrast, doses of 250 and 1000 mg of granular SiC did not cause tumors. The whiskers contained 107,000,000 fibers longer than 5 mum, per milligram while the granular sample was assumed to be free of such fibers. However, it has since been realized that even granular SiC may contain fibrous fragments that fulfill the definition of WHO fibers. It was the objective of our study to reanalyze the quantity of WHO fibers that were administered with the granular SiC. In addition, we examined whether the potency per WHO fiber was different for the SiC fragments and the SiC whiskers. Samples of the original granular and fibrous SiC were suspended in water and filtered. One half of each filter was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM, magnification x 2500), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM, x 10,000) was also performed for the SiC whiskers. The concentration of WHO fibers was 58,000 fibers/mg for the granular sample compared to 48,000,000 (SEM) and 42,000,000 (TEM) fibers/mg for the whiskers. The aspect ratio of the WHO fibers exceeded 10/1 for only 3.3% of the fragments but in each analysis for 96% of the whiskers. In addition, 0% of the fragments compared to 44% and 30% of the whiskers were more than 10 mum long. In total, 15 and 58 x 106 WHO fibers were injected with the granular SiC even though only 0.8% and 0% tumors were recorded. However, 20.1% and 43.3% tumors would have been expected if the carcinogenic potency were the same for the fragments and for the whiskers. We therefore conclude that carcinogenic potency is a function of the shapes of the WHO fibers and is much lower for SiC fragments than for whiskers. Hence carcinogenicity mainly is restricted to a subgroup of WHO fibers longer than about 10 and thinner than about 1 mum. This conclusion is in line with the optimal exposure index, which recently has been proposed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for asbestos.

show abstract

“…Studies have suggested that glass fibres are possibly carcinogenic to humans, 86,87 but recent reviews are cautious in making conclusions, because there is not enough evidence from human studies, so the conclusions are based mainly on evaluation of animal toxicology and mechanisms. [88][89][90] There are even fewer studies on potential non-carcinogenic respiratory effects of glass fibres 89,91,92 and these have provided inconsistent results.…”

Section: Health Hazardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability and human health issues pertinent to fibre reinforced polymer composites usage: A review

Zaman

Gutub

Soliman

et al. 2014

Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The specific properties of fibre reinforced polymers give them a lot of advantages over traditional materials but the long life of polymeric composites poses serious environmental threats raising sustainability concerns. The other issue of importance concerning the innovators and environmentalists in the mass usage of this material is its health impacts on human beings. This paper thus attempts to highlight and surface out the issues related to fibre reinforced polymers’ sustainability and their health impacts on human beings, by reviewing past studies on the subject, to examine critically the extensive body of published data, prior observations and ideas on the subject in order to identify and analyse those features that are intrinsic and unique to fibre reinforced polymers. This would thus serve as a conceptual model for future research on fibre reinforced polymer composites sustainability and health concerns.

show abstract

Classification of man-made vitreous fibers: Comments on the revaluation by an IARC working group

Cited by 16 publications

References 47 publications

Research Recommendations for Selected IARC-Classified Agents

Research Recommendations for Selected IARC-Classified Agents

The Carcinogenicity of WHO Fibers of Silicon Carbide: SiC Whiskers Compared to Cleavage Fragments of Granular SiC

Sustainability and human health issues pertinent to fibre reinforced polymer composites usage: A review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About