Citrobacter Youngae and Pantoea Agglomerans Peritonitis in a Peritoneal Dialysis Patient

Chen, K.J.; Chen, T.H.; Sue, Yuh Mou

doi:10.3747/pdi.2012.00151

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Citrobacter youngae is rarely a cause of infections. It has been reported to cause peritonitis (Chen et al, 2013 ). However, C. younage has not been recognized as a diarrheal pathogen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance and Cytotoxicity of Citrobacter spp. in Maanshan Anhui Province, China

et al. 2017

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Objectives: Citrobacter spp. especially Citrobacter freundii, is frequently causing nosocomial infections, and increasingly becoming multi-drug resistant (MDR). In this study, we aimed to determine the genetic diversity and relationships of Citrobacter spp. from diarrheal patients and food sources, their antimicrobial resistance profiles and in vitro virulence properties.Methods: Sixty two Citrobacter isolates, including 13 C. freundii, 41 C. youngae and eight C. braakii isolates, were obtained from human diarrheal patients and food sources. Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) of seven housekeeping genes and antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the broth microdilution method according to CLSI recommendations were carried out. Adhesion and cytotoxicity to HEp-2 cells were performed. PCR and sequencing were used to identify blaCTX−M, blaSHV, blaTEM and qnr genes.Results: The 62 isolates were divided into 53 sequence types (STs) with all STs being novel, displaying high genetic diversity. ST39 was a predominant ST shared by 5 C. youngae strains isolated from four foods and a diarrheal patient. All isolates were resistant to cefoxitin, and sensitive to imipenem, meropenem and amikacin. The majority of Citrobacter isolates (61.3%) were MDR of three or more antibiotics out of the 22 antibiotics tested. Two C. freundii isolates each carried the blaTEM−1 gene and a variant of qnrB77. Three Citrobacter isolates each carried qnrS1 and aac(6')-Ib-cr genes. Seven isolates that showed strong cytotoxicity to HEp-2 cells were MDR.Conclusions: Citrobacter spp. from human and food sources are diverse with variation in virulence properties and antibiotic resistance profiles. Food may be an important source of Citrobacter species in transmission to humans. C. freundii and C. youngae are potential foodborne pathogens.

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“…Citrobacter youngae is rarely a cause of infections. It has been reported to cause peritonitis (Chen et al, 2013 ). However, C. younage has not been recognized as a diarrheal pathogen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance and Cytotoxicity of Citrobacter spp. in Maanshan Anhui Province, China

et al. 2017

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“…Some C. freundii strains caused food poisoning or diarrhea in humans which were found to carry virulent factors, such as Shiga-like toxins, heat-stable toxins, or virulence islands [9,10]. C. youngae can cause peritonitis [11]. C. braakii has been isolated from the peritonea of acute peritonitis patients, as well as from food products [12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lineage, Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence of Citrobacter spp

et al. 2020

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Citrobacter spp. are opportunistic human pathogens which can cause nosocomial infections, sporadic infections and outbreaks. In order to determine the genetic diversity, in vitro virulence properties and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Citrobacter spp., 128 Citrobacter isolates obtained from human diarrheal patients, foods and environment were assessed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST), antimicrobial susceptibility testing and adhesion and cytotoxicity testing to HEp-2 cells. The 128 Citrobacter isolates were typed into 123 sequence types (STs) of which 101 were novel STs, and these STs were divided into five lineages. Lineages I and II contained C. freundii isolates; Lineage III contained all C. braakii isolates, while Lineage IV and V contained C. youngae isolates. Lineages II and V contained more adhesive and cytotoxic isolates than Lineages I, III, and IV. Fifty-one of the 128 isolates were found to be multidrug-resistant (MDR, ≥3) and mainly distributed in Lineages I, II, and III. The prevalence of quinolone resistance varied with Lineage III (C. braakii) having the highest proportion of resistant isolates (52.6%), followed by Lineage I (C. freundii) with 23.7%. Seven qnrB variants, including two new alleles (qnrB93 and qnrB94) were found with Lineage I being the main reservoir. In summary, highly cytotoxic MDR isolates from diarrheal patients may increase the risk of severe disease.

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“…Citrobacter spp. has been related to cases of peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients (Carlini et al, ; Chao et al, ; Chen et al, ), to cases of meningitis, and brain abscesses in newborns (Plakkal et al, ). The failure to isolate Yersinia enterocolitica concurs with the results of a previous study conducted in Japan by Kameyama et al (), in which four sugar gliders examined from a pet store were negative for the detection of this bacterium.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological survey of sugar gliders (Petaurus breviceps) kept as pets in Italy

Varriale

Russo

Pace

et al. 2019

Lett Appl Microbiol

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The sugar glider (Petaurus breviceps) is a small, arboreal, nocturnal, gliding mammalian possum belonging to the marsupial infraclass. Exotic marsupials, including sugar gliders, are becoming popular companion pets and, consequently, the risk of potential infections that can be transmitted to humans should be investigated. Data on the role of the sugar glider as a possible carrier of pathogenic and zoonotic bacteria are scarce and fragmentary. Therefore, this study is aimed at evaluating the prevalence of potentially zoonotic bacteria (Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, Campylobacter spp., Pseudomonas spp., Klebsiella spp., Listeria monocytogenes and Yersinia enterocolitica) in 64 sugar gliders kept as pets in Italy. The highest prevalence of infection pertained to members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, in particular Citrobacter spp. (50%), Enterobacter spp. (28·1%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (15·6%); Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from 10 out of 64 samples (15·6%). All strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae exhibited some level of resistance to multiple antimicrobials (ampicillin, amoxicillin‐clavulanic acid and doxycycline). Significance and Impact of the Study The results of this study show that sugar gliders may act as carriers of potentially pathogenic agents for humans and other animal species, therefore caution should be exercised in the handling and contact with these animals.

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Citrobacter Youngae and Pantoea Agglomerans Peritonitis in a Peritoneal Dialysis Patient

Cited by 17 publications

References 8 publications

Antimicrobial Resistance and Cytotoxicity of Citrobacter spp. in Maanshan Anhui Province, China

Antimicrobial Resistance and Cytotoxicity of Citrobacter spp. in Maanshan Anhui Province, China

Lineage, Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence of Citrobacter spp

Microbiological survey of sugar gliders (Petaurus breviceps) kept as pets in Italy

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