Lineage, Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence of Citrobacter spp

Liu, Liyun; Liyun, Qin; Hao, Shuai; Lan, Ruiting; Xu, Baohong; Guo, Yang; Jiang, Ruiping; Sun, Hui; Chen, Xiaoping; Lv, Xinchao; Xu, Jianguo; Zhao, Chuan

doi:10.3390/pathogens9030195

Cited by 25 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(117 reference statements)

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“…All the isolates were screened for qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, qnrC, qnrD, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qepA genes by PCR using previously published primers and protocols (Liu et al, 2020). All primers were synthesized by Shanghai Sangon Biological Engineering Technology and Services (Shanghai, China).…”

Section: Pcr Amplification and Sequencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The seven housekeeping genes, including aspC, clpX, fadD, mdh, arcA, dnaG, and lysP, were typed by PCR using previously published primers and protocols (Liu et al, 2020). Alleles and STs were assigned using the MLST database (http://pubmlst.org/ cfreundii/).…”

Section: Multilocus Sequence Typingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Citrobacter spp. can be isolated from fecal samples of healthy individuals and can also cause food-borne infections (Tassew et al, 2010;Bai et al, 2012;Ifeadike et al, 2012;Minarini and Darini, 2012;Liu et al, 2017;Liu et al, 2018a;Liu et al, 2020). The possible source of strains causing extraintestinal infections and their relationships to strains from other infections and other sources have not been well studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The possible source of strains causing extraintestinal infections and their relationships to strains from other infections and other sources have not been well studied. In our previous studies, we analyzed Citrobacter isolates from diarrheal patients, foods, and environment in China (Bai et al, 2012;Liu et al, 2017;Liu et al, 2018a;Liu et al, 2020). We found high diversity of Citrobacter strains from these sources in sequence types (STs), antibiotic resistance profiles, and virulence properties (Liu et al, 2017;Liu et al, 2018a;Liu et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our previous studies, we analyzed Citrobacter isolates from diarrheal patients, foods, and environment in China (Bai et al, 2012;Liu et al, 2017;Liu et al, 2018a;Liu et al, 2020). We found high diversity of Citrobacter strains from these sources in sequence types (STs), antibiotic resistance profiles, and virulence properties (Liu et al, 2017;Liu et al, 2018a;Liu et al, 2020). In this study, we collected Citrobacter spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular Characterization of Citrobacter spp. Causing Extraintestinal Infections

Liu

Zhang²,

Zhou

et al. 2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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ObjectivesThis prospective study was carried out to investigate molecular characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Citrobacter spp. from extraintestinal infections.MethodsForty-six clinical Citrobacter spp. isolates were isolated from hospital patients with extraintestinal infections and analyzed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) using seven housekeeping genes. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recommendations. Adhesion and cytotoxicity to HEp-2 cells were assessed.ResultsThe 46 clinical Citrobacter spp. isolates were typed into 38 sequence types (STs), 9 of which belonged to four clonal complexes (CCs). None of the isolates shared the same ST or CCs with isolates from other countries or from other parts of China. Over half of the isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR), with 17/26 C. freundii, 5/6 C. braakii, and 3/14 C. koseri isolates being MDR. Moreover, four isolates were carbapenem resistant with resistance to imipenem or meropenem. Among eight quinolone resistant C. freundii, all had a mutation in codon 59 (Thr59Ile) in quinolone resistance determining region of the gyrA gene. Only a small proportion of the isolates were found to be highly cytotoxic and adhesive with no correlation to sample sources.ConclusionsThere was a diverse range of Citrobacter isolates causing extraintestinal infections and a high prevalence of MDR.

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Section: Pcr Amplification and Sequencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Multilocus Sequence Typingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular Characterization of Citrobacter spp. Causing Extraintestinal Infections

Liu

Zhang²,

Zhou

et al. 2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Characterization of cytotoxic Citrobacter braakii isolated from human stomach

Yu,

Xie,

et al. 2024

FEBS Open Bio

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Citrobacter braakii (C. braakii) is an anaerobic, gram‐negative bacterium that has been isolated from the environment, food, and humans. Infection by C. braakii has been associated with acute mucosal inflammation in the intestine, respiratory tract, and urinary tract. However, the pathogenesis of C. braakii in the gastric mucosa has not yet been clarified. In this study, the bacterium was detected in 35.5% (61/172) of patients with chronic gastritis (CG) and was closely associated with the severity of mucosal inflammation. Citrobacter braakii P1 isolated from a patient with CG exhibited urease activity and acid resistance. It contained multiple secretion systems, including a complete type I secretion system (T1SS), T5aSS and T6SS. We then predicted the potential pilus‐related adhesins. Citrobacter braakii P1 diffusely adhered to AGS cells and significantly increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release; the adhesion rate and LDH release were much lower in HEp‐2 cells. Strain P1 also induced markedly increased mRNA and protein expression of IL‐8 and TNF‐α in AGS cells, and the fold increase was much higher than that in HEp‐2 cells. Our results demonstrate proinflammatory and cytotoxic role of C. braakii in gastric epithelial cells, indicating the bacterium is potentially involved in inducing gastric mucosa inflammation.

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Antimicrobial resistance profiles of Escherichia coli and prevalence of extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamase‐producing Enterobacteriaceae in calves from organic and conventional dairy farms in Switzerland

et al. 2022

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This study compared the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among commensal Escherichia coli in the fecal microbiota of young calves raised on organic and on conventional dairy farms in Switzerland. Further, fecal carriage of extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae was assessed for calves from both farming systems. Where possible, data on antimicrobial usage (AMU) were obtained. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on a total of 71 isolates using the disk diffusion method. ESBL producers were characterized by polymerase chain reaction‐based multilocus sequence typing and sequencing of the bla ESBL genes. Organically raised calves were significantly more likely to harbor E. coli that showed AMR to ampicillin (odds ratio [OR]: 2.78, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–7.61, p = 0.046), streptomycin (OR: 3.22, 95% CI: 1.17–8.92, p = 0.046), kanamycin (OR: 11.3, 95% CI: 2.94–43.50, p < 0.001), and tetracycline (OR: 3.25, 95% CI: 1.13–9.31, p = 0.028). Calves with reported AMU were significantly more likely to harbor E. coli with resistance to ampicillin (OR: 3.91, 95% CI: 1.03–14.85, p = 0.045), streptomycin (OR: 4.35, 95% CI: 1.13–16.7, p = 0.045), and kanamycin (OR: 8.69, 95% CI: 2.01–37.7, p = 0.004). ESBL‐producing Enterobacteriaceae (18 E. coli and 3 Citrobacter braakii) were detected exclusively among samples from conventionally farmed calves (OR: infinity [∞], 95% CI: 2.3–∞, p < 0.0013). The observations from this study suggest that AMR is highly prevalent among commensal E. coli in young dairy calves, irrespective of the farm management system, with proportions of certain resistance phenotypes higher among organic calves. By contrast, the occurrence of ESBL producers among young dairy calves may be linked to factors associated with conventional farming.

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Lineage, Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence of Citrobacter spp

Cited by 25 publications

References 42 publications

Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular Characterization of Citrobacter spp. Causing Extraintestinal Infections

Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular Characterization of Citrobacter spp. Causing Extraintestinal Infections

Characterization of cytotoxic Citrobacter braakii isolated from human stomach

Antimicrobial resistance profiles of Escherichia coli and prevalence of extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamase‐producing Enterobacteriaceae in calves from organic and conventional dairy farms in Switzerland

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